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Recent advances in large-scale machine learning have produced high-capacity foundation models capable of adapting to a broad array of downstream tasks. While such models hold great promise for robotics, the prevailing paradigm still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sharmita Dey

Autonomous agents are increasingly expected to operate in complex, dynamic, and uncertain environments, performing tasks such as manipulation, navigation, and decision-making. Achieving these capabilities requires agents to understand the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peng-Fei Zhang , Ying Cheng , Xiaofan Sun , Shijie Wang , Fengling Li , Lei Zhu , Heng Tao Shen

Vision systems to see and reason about the compositional nature of visual scenes are fundamental to understanding our world. The complex relations between objects and their locations, ambiguities, and variations in the real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Muhammad Awais , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal , Mubarak Shah , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

In humans and robots alike, transfer learning occurs at different levels of abstraction, from high-level linguistic transfer to low-level transfer of motor skills. In this article, we provide an overview of the impact that foundation models…

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly used to bridge language and action in embodied agents, yet the operational characteristics of different FM integration strategies remain under-explored -- particularly for complex instruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiuchao Sui , Daiying Tian , Qi Sun , Ruirui Chen , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok , Soujanya Poria

Foundation models, as a mainstream technology in artificial intelligence, have demonstrated immense potential across various domains in recent years, particularly in handling complex tasks and multimodal data. In the field of geophysics,…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-28 Hanlin Sheng , Xinming Wu , Hang Gao , Haibin Di , Sergey Fomel , Jintao Li , Xu Si

Foundation models, large-scale, pre-trained deep-learning models adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks have gained significant interest lately in various deep-learning problems undergoing a paradigm shift with the rise of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Bobby Azad , Reza Azad , Sania Eskandari , Afshin Bozorgpour , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Islem Rekik , Dorit Merhof

This article reviews contemporary methods for integrating force, including both proprioception and tactile sensing, in robot manipulation policy learning. We conduct a comparative analysis on various approaches for sensing force, data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-17 William Xie , Nikolaus Correll

Automating activities through robots in unstructured environments, such as construction sites, has been a long-standing desire. However, the high degree of unpredictable events in these settings has resulted in far less adoption compared to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hossein Naderi , Alireza Shojaei , Lifu Huang

Foundation models pretrained on diverse data at scale have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in a wide range of vision and language tasks. When such models are deployed in real world environments, they inevitably interface with other…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Sherry Yang , Ofir Nachum , Yilun Du , Jason Wei , Pieter Abbeel , Dale Schuurmans

Foundation models can be disruptive for future AI development by scaling up deep learning in terms of model size and training data's breadth and size. These models achieve state-of-the-art performance (often through further adaptation) on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Johannes Schneider

Task specification is at the core of programming autonomous robots. A low-effort modality for task specification is critical for engagement of non-expert end-users and ultimate adoption of personalized robot agents. A widely studied…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yuchen Cui , Scott Niekum , Abhinav Gupta , Vikash Kumar , Aravind Rajeswaran

Safety is a critical requirement for the real-world deployment of robotic systems. Unfortunately, while current robot foundation models show promising generalization capabilities across a wide variety of tasks, they fail to address safety,…

Robot learning is at an inflection point, driven by rapid advancements in machine learning and the growing availability of large-scale robotics data. This shift from classical, model-based methods to data-driven, learning-based paradigms is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Francesco Capuano , Caroline Pascal , Adil Zouitine , Thomas Wolf , Michel Aractingi

Robotic foundation models (RFMs) are emerging as a promising route towards flexible, instruction- and demonstration-driven robot control, however, a critical investigation of their industrial applicability is still lacking. This survey…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 David Kube , Simon Hadwiger , Tobias Meisen

Foundation models have demonstrated remarkable generalization, data efficiency, and robustness properties across various domains. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of foundation models for applications in the control domain. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Martin Ziegler , Andres Felipe Posada-Moreno , Friedrich Solowjow , Sebastian Trimpe

Enabling robots to dexterously grasp and manipulate objects based on human commands is a promising direction in robotics. However, existing approaches are challenging to generalize across diverse objects or tasks due to the limited scale of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yi-Lin Wei , Zhexi Luo , Yuhao Lin , Mu Lin , Zhizhao Liang , Shuoyu Chen , Wei-Shi Zheng

Foundation models pre-trained on web-scale data are shown to encapsulate extensive world knowledge beneficial for robotic manipulation in the form of task planning. However, the actual physical implementation of these plans often relies on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoxu Huang , Fanqi Lin , Yingdong Hu , Shengjie Wang , Yang Gao

Robot learning holds tremendous promise to unlock the full potential of flexible, general, and dexterous robot systems, as well as to address some of the deepest questions in artificial intelligence. However, bringing robot learning to the…

Modeling environmental ecosystems is essential for effective resource management, sustainable development, and understanding complex ecological processes. However, traditional methods frequently struggle with the inherent complexity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Runlong Yu , Shengyu Chen , Yiqun Xie , Xiaowei Jia