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Despite the potential of federated learning in medical applications, inconsistent imaging quality across institutions-stemming from lower-quality data from a minority of clients-biases federated models toward more common high-quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Nannan Wu , Zhuo Kuang , Zengqiang Yan , Ping Wang , Li Yu

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising framework for performing privacy-preserving, distributed learning with a set of clients. However, the data distribution among clients often exhibits non-IID, i.e., distribution shift, which makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Zhe Qu , Xingyu Li , Rui Duan , Yao Liu , Bo Tang , Zhuo Lu

At the intersection of the cutting-edge technologies and privacy concerns, Federated Learning (FL) with its distributed architecture, stands at the forefront in a bid to facilitate collaborative model training across multiple clients while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Noorain Mukhtiar , Adnan Mahmood , Quan Z. Sheng

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training with privacy preservation. Data heterogeneity across edge devices (clients) can cause models to converge to sharp minima, negatively impacting generalization and robustness.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Debora Caldarola , Pietro Cagnasso , Barbara Caputo , Marco Ciccone

Cross-silo federated learning (FL) has attracted much attention in medical imaging analysis with deep learning in recent years as it can resolve the critical issues of insufficient data, data privacy, and training efficiency. However, there…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-24 An Xu , Wenqi Li , Pengfei Guo , Dong Yang , Holger Roth , Ali Hatamizadeh , Can Zhao , Daguang Xu , Heng Huang , Ziyue Xu

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a vital paradigm in modern machine learning that enables collaborative training across decentralized data sources without exchanging raw data. This approach not only addresses privacy concerns but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zahra Kharaghani , Ali Dadras , Tommy Löfstedt

Ensuring fairness is critical when applying artificial intelligence to high-stakes domains such as healthcare, where predictive models trained on imbalanced and demographically skewed data risk exacerbating existing disparities. Federated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Qiming Wu , Siqi Li , Doudou Zhou , Nan Liu

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising collaborative and secure paradigm for training a model from decentralized data without compromising privacy. Group fairness and client fairness are two dimensions of fairness that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Cong Su , Guoxian Yu , Jun Wang , Hui Li , Qingzhong Li , Han Yu

Training ML models which are fair across different demographic groups is of critical importance due to the increased integration of ML in crucial decision-making scenarios such as healthcare and recruitment. Federated learning has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Yahya H. Ezzeldin , Shen Yan , Chaoyang He , Emilio Ferrara , Salman Avestimehr

The federated learning paradigm is wellsuited for the field of medical image analysis, as it can effectively cope with machine learning on isolated multicenter data while protecting the privacy of participating parties. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zhekai Zhou , Guibo Luo , Mingzhi Chen , Zhenyu Weng , Yuesheng Zhu

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning paradigm in which multiple clients collaboratively train a shared model without sharing their local private data. However, real-world applications of FL frequently encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zhekai Zhou , Shudong Liu , Zhaokun Zhou , Yang Liu , Qiang Yang , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

In the federated learning setting, multiple clients jointly train a model under the coordination of the central server, while the training data is kept on the client to ensure privacy. Normally, inconsistent distribution of data across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Wei Huang , Tianrui Li , Dexian Wang , Shengdong Du , Junbo Zhang

Federated learning provides the ability to learn over heterogeneous user data in a distributed manner while preserving user privacy. However, its current client selection technique is a source of bias as it discriminates against slow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Ammar Tahir , Yongzhou Chen , Prashanti Nilayam

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a prospective solution for collaboratively learning a shared model across clients without sacrificing their data privacy. However, the federated learned model tends to be biased against certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Syed Irfan Ali Meerza , Luyang Liu , Jiaxin Zhang , Jian Liu

The issue of group fairness in machine learning models, where certain sub-populations or groups are favored over others, has been recognized for some time. While many mitigation strategies have been proposed in centralized learning, many of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Ganghua Wang , Ali Payani , Myungjin Lee , Ramana Kompella

Federated learning is a data decentralization privacy-preserving technique used to perform machine or deep learning in a secure way. In this paper we present theoretical aspects about federated learning, such as the presentation of an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Judith Sáinz-Pardo Díaz , Álvaro López García

Federated learning is an increasingly popular paradigm that enables a large number of entities to collaboratively learn better models. In this work, we study minmax group fairness in paradigms where different participating entities may only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Afroditi Papadaki , Natalia Martinez , Martin Bertran , Guillermo Sapiro , Miguel Rodrigues

Machine learning in medical research, by nature, needs careful attention on obeying the regulations of data privacy, making it difficult to train a machine learning model over gathered data from different medical centers. Failure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Jun Luo , Shandong Wu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training while preserving privacy, yet it introduces a critical challenge: the "illusion of fairness''. A global model, usually evaluated on the server, appears fair on average while keeping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xenia Heilmann , Luca Corbucci , Mattia Cerrato , Anna Monreale

Achieving fairness across diverse clients in Federated Learning (FL) remains a significant challenge due to the heterogeneity of the data and the inaccessibility of sensitive attributes from clients' private datasets. This study addresses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Disha Makhija , Xing Han , Joydeep Ghosh , Yejin Kim
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