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Related papers: Temporal Scaling Law for Large Language Models

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The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the development of benchmarks that consider temporal dynamics, however, there remains a gap in understanding how well these models can generalize across temporal contexts due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Chenghao Zhu , Nuo Chen , Yufei Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Prayag Tiwari , Benyou Wang

The ever-growing ecosystem of LLMs has posed a challenge in selecting the most appropriate pre-trained model to fine-tune amidst a sea of options. Given constrained resources, fine-tuning all models and making selections afterward is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Haowei Lin , Baizhou Huang , Haotian Ye , Qinyu Chen , Zihao Wang , Sujian Li , Jianzhu Ma , Xiaojun Wan , James Zou , Yitao Liang

Large foundation models are typically trained on data from multiple domains, with the data mixture--the proportion of each domain used--playing a critical role in model performance. The standard approach to selecting this mixture relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Mustafa Shukor , Louis Bethune , Dan Busbridge , David Grangier , Enrico Fini , Alaaeldin El-Nouby , Pierre Ablin

Modern LLMs scale at test-time, e.g. via repeated sampling, where inference cost grows with model size and the number of samples. This creates a trade-off that pretraining scaling laws, such as Chinchilla, do not address. We present…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are large-scale pretrained models that have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains. These successes have been driven by unprecedented complexity and scale in both data and computations. However, due…

Precise estimation of downstream performance in large language models (LLMs) prior to training is essential for guiding their development process. Scaling laws analysis utilizes the statistics of a series of significantly smaller sampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yangyi Chen , Binxuan Huang , Yifan Gao , Zhengyang Wang , Jingfeng Yang , Heng Ji

There is a recent trend in machine learning to increase model quality by growing models to sizes previously thought to be unreasonable. Recent work has shown that autoregressive generative models with cross-entropy objective functions…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-18 Jasha Droppo , Oguz Elibol

Traditional scaling laws in natural language processing suggest that increasing model size and training data enhances performance. However, recent studies reveal deviations, particularly in large language models, where performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Zhengyu Chen , Siqi Wang , Teng Xiao , Yudong Wang , Shiqi Chen , Xunliang Cai , Junxian He , Jingang Wang

Scaling law principles indicate a power-law correlation between loss and variables such as model size, dataset size, and computational resources utilized during training. These principles play a vital role in optimizing various aspects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Hui Su , Zhi Tian , Xiaoyu Shen , Xunliang Cai

The emergence of scaling laws has profoundly shaped the development of large language models (LLMs), enabling predictable performance gains through systematic increases in model size, dataset volume, and compute. Yet, these principles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Sheng Zhang , Qin Liu , Naoto Usuyama , Cliff Wong , Tristan Naumann , Hoifung Poon

Scaling laws describe how language models improve with additional data, parameters, and compute. While widely used, they are typically measured on aggregate test sets. Aggregate evaluations yield clean trends but average over heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 William Held , David Hall , Percy Liang , Diyi Yang

Large Language Models have driven significant AI advancements, yet their training is resource-intensive and highly sensitive to hyper-parameter selection. While scaling laws provide valuable guidance on model size and data requirements,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xingyu Xie , Kuangyu Ding , Shuicheng Yan , Kim-Chuan Toh , Tianwen Wei

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, largely driven by high-quality web data used in pre-training. However, recent studies indicate this data source is rapidly depleting. Synthetic data emerges as a…

Neural scaling laws have driven significant advancements in machine learning, particularly in domains like language modeling and computer vision. However, the exploration of neural scaling laws within robotics has remained relatively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Sebastian Sartor , Neil Thompson

Test-time scaling has recently emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models or vision-language models during inference. Although a variety of test-time scaling strategies have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Gyutaek Oh , Seoyeon Kim , Sangjoon Park , Byung-Hoon Kim

Scaling laws have been used to describe how large language model (LLM) performance scales with model size, training data size, or amount of computational resources. Motivated by the fact that neural quantum states (NQS) has increasingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Oliver Knitter , Dan Zhao , Stefan Leichenauer , Shravan Veerapaneni

Training large language models (LLMs) is computationally expensive, partly because the loss exhibits slow power-law convergence whose origin remains debatable. Through systematic analysis of toy models and empirical evaluation of LLMs, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yizhou Liu , Ziming Liu , Cengiz Pehlevan , Jeff Gore

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a milestone in artificial intelligence, and their performance can improve as the model size increases. However, this scaling brings great challenges to training and inference efficiency,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Chaojun Xiao , Jie Cai , Weilin Zhao , Guoyang Zeng , Biyuan Lin , Jie Zhou , Zhi Zheng , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Modern large language models (LLMs) represent a paradigm shift in what can plausibly be expected of machine learning models. The fact that LLMs can effectively generate sensible answers to a diverse range of queries suggests that they would…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Dean Wyatte , Fatemeh Tahmasbi , Ming Li , Thomas Markovich

Recent research has revealed that neural language models at scale suffer from poor temporal generalization capability, i.e., the language model pre-trained on static data from past years performs worse over time on emerging data. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zhaochen Su , Zecheng Tang , Xinyan Guan , Juntao Li , Lijun Wu , Min Zhang