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Active matter drives its constituent agents to move autonomously by harnessing free energy, leading to diverse emergent states with relevance to both biological processes and inanimate functionalities. Achieving maximum reconfigurability of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-05 Qianhong Yang , Maoqiang Jiang , Francesco Picano , Lailai Zhu

Curvature plays a central role in the proper function of many biological processes. With active matter being a standard framework for understanding many aspects of the physics of life, it is natural to ask what effect curvature has on the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-27 Euan D. Mackay , Giulia Janzen , D. A. Matoz Fernandez , Rastko Sknepnek

A bouncing droplet, self-propelled by its interaction with the waves it generates, forms a classical wave-particle association called a "walker." Previous works have demonstrated that the dynamics of a single walker is driven by its global…

Active matter systems encompass both natural and artificially created systems consisting of numerous active particles. These particles actively consume energy to propel themselves or exert mechanical forces, leading to intricate behaviors…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Mintu Karmakar

Active matter comprises self-driven units, such as bacteria and synthetic microswimmers, that can spontaneously form complex patterns and assemble into functional microdevices. These processes are possible thanks to the out-of-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-17 Jens Grauer , Falko Schmidt , Jesus Pineda , Benjamin Midtvedt , Hartmut Löwen , Giovanni Volpe , Benno Liebchen

A recent surge of discoveries has sparked significant interest in active systems where a particle moves autonomously in resonance with its self-generated wave field, leading to notable wave-mediated effects including new propulsion…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-26 Austin M. Blitstein , Rodolfo R. Rosales , Pedro J. Sáenz

Ratchet effects can arise for single or collectively interacting Brownian particles on an asymmetric substrate when a net dc transport is produced by an externally applied ac driving force or by periodically flashing the substrate.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-12-06 C. J. Olson Reichhardt , C. Reichhardt

Pattern formation in active biological matter typically arises from the feedback between chemical concentration fields and mechanical stresses. The actomyosin cortex of cells is an archetypal example of an active thin film that displays…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Jason R. Picardo , V. Jemseena , K. Vijay Kumar

Pair interactions between active particles need not follow Newton's third law. In this work we propose a continuum model of pattern formation due to non-reciprocal interaction between multiple species of scalar active matter. The classical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-21 Suropriya Saha , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo , Ramin Golestanian

In this paper we study the emergence of coherence in collective motion described by a system of interacting motiles endowed with an inner, adaptative, steering mechanism. By means of a nonlinear parametric coupling, the system elements are…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-19 Anselmo Garcia Cantu Ros , Chris Antonopoulos , Vasileios Basios

Active systems across scales, ranging from molecular machines to human crowds, are usually modeled as assemblies of self-propelled particles driven by internally generated forces. However, these models often assume memoryless dynamics and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Marc Besse , Raphaël Voituriez

Waves are propagating disturbances that redistribute energy across space. Previous studies have shown that for waves propagating through an inhomogeneously moving mean flow, the conserved quantity is wave action rather than wave energy,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-29 Zhaohua Wu , Jie Sun , Zhe-Min Tan , Ming Cai , Yongyun Hu , Norden E. Huang

Time modulation of the physical parameters offers interesting new possibilities for wave control. Examples include amplification of waves, harmonic generation and non-reciprocity, without resorting to non-linear mechanisms. Most of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Michaël Darche , Raphaël Assier , Sébastien Guenneau , Bruno Lombard , Marie Touboul

We investigate collective phenomena with rotationally driven spinners of concave shape. Each spinner experiences a constant internal torque in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Although the spinners are modeled as hard,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-03-10 Nguyen H. P. Nguyen , Daphne Klotsa , Michael Engel , Sharon C. Glotzer

Active matter broadly covers the dynamics of self-propelled particles. While the onset of collective behavior in homogenous active systems is relatively well understood, the effect of inhomogeneities such as obstacles and traps lacks…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-23 Igor S. Aranson , Arkady Pikovsky

Active matter, comprising many active agents interacting and moving in fluids or more complex environments, is a commonly occurring state of matter in biological and physical systems. By its very nature active matter systems exist in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-08 Pierre Gaspard , Raymond Kapral

We present a model of active particles interacting through a dynamic, heterogeneous environment, leading to emergent collective behaviors without direct agent-to-agent communication. Expanding the resource-dependent framework introduced in…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Gaston Briozzo , Gustavo J. Sibona , Fernando Peruani

Active matter comprises individually driven units that convert locally stored energy into mechanical motion. Interactions between driven units lead to a variety of non-equilibrium collective phenomena in active matter. One of such phenomena…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-15 Mingji Huang , Wensi Hu , Siyuan Yang , Quan-Xing Liu , H. P. Zhang

Static nonreciprocal forces between particles generically drive persistent motion reminiscent of self-propulsion. Here, we demonstrate that reciprocity-breaking fluctuations about a reciprocal mean coupling strength are sufficient to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-04-18 Luca Cocconi , Henry Alston , Thibault Bertrand

Scattering of electromagnetic waves by many small particles of arbitrary shapes is reduced rigorously to solving linear algebraic system of equations bypassing the usual usage of integral equations. The matrix elements of this linear…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. G. Ramm