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The proliferation of 5G technology necessitates advanced network management strategies to ensure optimal performance and reliability. Digital Twin (DT)s have emerged as a promising paradigm for modeling and simulating complex systems like…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yash Deshpande , Eni Sulkaj , Wolfgang Kellerer

Digital twins are now a staple of wireless networks design and evolution. Creating an accurate digital copy of a real system offers numerous opportunities to study and analyze its performance and issues. It also allows designing and testing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Paolo Testolina , Michele Polese , Pedram Johari , Tommaso Melodia

The next generation of networks will actively embrace artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies for automation networks and optimal network operation strategies. The emerging network structure represented by Open…

The radio access network (RAN) landscape is undergoing a transformative shift from traditional, communication-centric infrastructures towards converged compute-communication platforms. This article introduces AI-RAN which integrates both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Lopamudra Kundu , Xingqin Lin , Rajesh Gadiyar , Jean-Francois Lacasse , Shuvo Chowdhury

It is envisioned that 6G networks will be supported by key architectural principles, including intelligence, decentralization, interoperability, and digitalization. With the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Mathushaharan Rathakrishnan , Samiru Gayan , Rohit Singh , Amandeep Kaur , Hazer Inaltekin , Sampath Edirisinghe , H. Vincent Poor

The concept of AI-RAN as specified by the AI-RAN alliance is geared to explore a converged 6G platform that can support management, orchestration, and deployment of both AI and RAN workloads. This concept is central to the development of a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Syed Danial Ali Shah , Zeinab Nezami , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi

The open radio access network (RAN) aims to bring openness and intelligence to the traditional closed and proprietary RAN technology and offer flexibility, performance improvement, and cost-efficiency in the RAN deployment and operation.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Wilfrid Azariah , Fransiscus Asisi Bimo , Chih-Wei Lin , Ray-Guang Cheng , Navid Nikaein , Rittwik Jana

Deploying and testing cellular networks is a complex task due to the multitude of components involved -- from the core to the Radio Access Network (RAN) and User Equipment (UE) -- all of which requires integration and constant monitoring.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Salvatore D'Oro , Pietro Brach del Prever , Tommaso Melodia

The traditional black-box and monolithic approach to Radio Access Networks (RANs) has heavily limited flexibility and innovation. The Open RAN paradigm, and the architecture proposed by the O-RAN ALLIANCE, aim to address these limitations…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nicolo Longhi , Salvatore D'Oro , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Roberto Verdone , Tommaso Melodia

The highly heterogeneous ecosystem of Next Generation (NextG) wireless communication systems calls for novel networking paradigms where functionalities and operations can be dynamically and optimally reconfigured in real time to adapt to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Maria Tsampazi , Salvatore D'Oro , Michele Polese , Leonardo Bonati , Gwenael Poitau , Michael Healy , Tommaso Melodia

The Radio Access Network (RAN) is evolving into a programmable and disaggregated infrastructure that increasingly relies on AI-native algorithms for optimization and closed-loop control. However, current RAN intelligence is still largely…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ioannis Panitsas , Leandros Tassiulas

To keep supporting next-generation requirements, the radio access infrastructure will increasingly densify. Cell-free (CF) network architectures are emerging, combining dense deployments with extreme flexibility in allocating resources to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Vida Ranjbar , Adam Girycki , Md Arifur Rahman , Sofie Pollin , Marc Moonen , Evgenii Vinogradov

The convergence of communication, sensing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Radio Access Network (RAN) offers compelling economic advantages through shared spectrum and infrastructure. How can inference and sensing be integrated in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Michele Polese , Rajeev Gangula , Tommaso Melodia

The innovation provided by network virtualization in 5G, together with standardization and openness boosted by the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) Alliance, has paved the way to a collaborative future in cellular systems, driven by…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Lorenza Giupponi , Francesc Wilhelmi

The open radio access network (O-RAN), with its disaggregated and open architecture, is poised to meet the demands of the next generation of wireless communication. However, to unlock the full potentials of O-RAN, real-time network modeling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Javad Mirzaei , Ibrahim Abualhaol , Gwenael Poitau

Next-generation wireless networks target high network availability, ubiquitous coverage, and extremely high data rates for mobile users. This requires exploring new frequency bands, e.g., mmWaves, moving toward ultra-dense deployments in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Gabriele Gemmi , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia , Leonardo Maccari

Today's radio access networks (RANs) are monolithic entities which often operate statically on a given set of parameters for the entirety of their operations. To implement realistic and effective spectrum sharing policies, RANs will need to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Luca Baldesi , Francesco Restuccia , Tommaso Melodia

Vehicular communications integrated with the Radio Access Network (RAN) are envisioned as a breakthrough application for the 6th generation (6G) cellular systems. However, traditional RANs lack the flexibility to enable sophisticated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Eugenio Moro , Francesco Linsalata , Maurizio Magarini , Umberto Spagnolini , Antonio Capone

Open-radio access network (O-RAN) seeks to establish the principles of openness, programmability, automation, intelligence, and hardware-software disaggregation with interoperable and standard-compliant interfaces. It advocates for…

Cell-free multiple input multiple output (CF-MIMO) systems improve spectral and energy efficiencies using distributed access points (APs) to provide reliable service across an area equivalent to multiple conventional cells. This paper…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yi Chu , Mostafa Rahmani , Josh Shackleton , David Grace , Kanapathippillai Cumanan , Hamed Ahmadi , Alister Burr