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The terrestrial planets are believed to have formed by violent collisions of tens of lunar- to Mars-size protoplanets at time t<200 Myr after the protoplanetary gas disk dispersal (t_0). The solar system giant planets rapidly formed during…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 David Nesvorny , Fernando V. Roig , Rogerio Deienno

We investigate the formation of terrestrial planets in the late stage of planetary formation using two-planet model. At that time, the protostar has formed for about 3 Myr and the gas disk has dissipated. In the model, the perturbations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-09 Ji Jianghui , Zhang Niu

We investigate the formation of terrestrial planets in the late stage of planetary formation using two-planet model. At that time, the protostar has formed for about 3 Myr and the gas disk has dissipated. In the model, the perturbations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-29 Zhang Niu , Ji Jianghui

Advances in computing power and numerical methodologies over the past several decades sparked a prolific output of dynamical investigations of the late stages of terrestrial planet formation. Among other peculiar inner solar system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 Matthew S. Clement , Rogerio Deienno , Andre Izidoro

We review the problem of the formation of terrestrial planets, with particular emphasis on the interaction of dynamical and geochemical models. The lifetime of gas around stars in the process of formation is limited to a few million years…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 Jonathan I. Lunine , David P. O'Brien , Sean N. Raymond , Alessandro Morbidelli , Thomas Quinn , Amara Graps

Remnant planetesimals might have played an important role in reducing the orbital eccentricities of the terrestrial planets after their formation via giant impacts. However, the population and the size distribution of remnant planetesimals…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ryuji Morishima , Max W. Schmidt , Joachim Stadel , Ben Moore

Terrestrial planets form in a series of dynamical steps from the solid component of circumstellar disks. First, km-sized planetesimals form likely via a combination of sticky collisions, turbulent concentration of solids, and gravitational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sean N. Raymond

Terrestrial planet formation (TPF) is a difficult problem that has vexed researchers for decades. Numerical models are only partially successful at reproducing the orbital architecture of the inner planets, but have generally not considered…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-12 R. Brasser

It has been long proposed that, if all the terrestrial planets form within a tiny ring of solid material at around 1 AU, the concentrated mass-distance distribution of the current system can be reproduced. Recent planetesimal formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-10 J. M. Y. Woo , A. Morbidelli , S. L. Grimm , J. Stadel , R. Brasser

The formation of the solar system's giant planets predated the ultimate epoch of massive impacts that concluded the process of terrestrial planet formation. Following their formation, the giant planets' orbits evolved through an episode of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers

Our understanding of the process of terrestrial planet formation has grown markedly over the past 20 years, yet key questions remain. This review begins by first addressing the critical, earliest stage of dust coagulation and concentration.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-07 Matthew S. Clement , Andre Izidoro , Sean N. Raymond , Rogerio Deienno

It has been shown that some aspects of the terrestrial planets can be explained, particularly the Earth/Mars mass ratio, when they form from a truncated disk with an outer edge near 1.0 au (Hansen 2009). This has been previously modeled…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-22 Kevin J. Walsh , Hal F. Levison

Evidence of mutually inclined planetary orbits has been reported for giant planets these last years. Here we aim to study the impact of eccentric and inclined massive giant planets on the terrestrial planet formation process, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 Sotiris Sotiriadis , Anne-Sophie Libert , Sean N. Raymond

The past decade has seen major progress in our understanding of terrestrial planet formation. Yet key questions remain. In this review we first address the growth of 100 km-scale planetesimals as a consequence of dust coagulation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 Andre Izidoro , Sean N. Raymond

The architecture and masses of planetary systems in the habitable zone could be strongly influenced by outer giant planets, if present. We investigate here the impact of outer giants on terrestrial planet formation, under the assumption…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-03 Zhihui Kong , Anders Johansen , Michiel Lambrechts , Jonathan H. Jiang , Zong-Hong Zhu

The dynamical architecture and compositional diversity of the asteroid belt strongly constrain planet formation models. Recent Solar System formation models have shown that the asteroid belt may have been born empty and later filled with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-18 Andre Izidoro , Rogerio Deienno , Sean N. Raymond , Matthew S. Clement

Models of terrestrial planet formation for our solar system have been successful in producing planets with masses and orbits similar to those of Venus and Earth. However, these models have generally failed to produce Mars-sized objects…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Izidoro , N. Haghighipour , O. C. Winter , M. Tsuchida

We present conclusions from a large number of N-body simulations of the giant impact phase of terrestrial planet formation. We focus on new results obtained from the recently proposed Grand Tack model, which couples the gas-driven migration…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-12 Seth A. Jacobson , Alessandro Morbidelli

The newly formed giant planets may have migrated and crossed a number of mutual mean motion resonances (MMRs) when smaller objects (embryos) were accreting to form the terrestrial planets. We investigated the effects of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-05 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Takashi Ito

Many dynamical aspects of the solar system can be explained by the outer planets experiencing a period of orbital instability sometimes called the Nice Model. Though often correlated with a perceived delayed spike in the lunar cratering…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , Kevin J. Walsh
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