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We present a variational theory of integrable differential-difference equations (semi-discrete integrable systems). This is a natural extension of the ideas known by the names "Lagrangian multiforms" and "Pluri-Lagrangian systems", which…

We define the twisted loop Lie algebra of a finite dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ as the Fr\'echet space of all twisted periodic smooth mappings from $\mathbb R$ to $\mathfrak g$. Here the Lie algebra operation is continuous. We call…

We give a representation--theoretic interpretation of recent discovered coupled soliton equations using vertex operators construction of affinization of not simple but quadratic Lie algebras. In this setup we are able to obtain new…

We associate with each simple Lie algebra a system of second-order differential equations invariant under a non-compact real form of the corresponding Lie group. In the limit of a contraction to a Schr\"odinger algebra, these equations…

We obtain a Lie theoretic intrinsic characterization of the connected and simply connected solvable Lie groups whose regular representation is a factor representation. When this is the case, the corresponding von Neumann algebras are…

We provide spectral Lie algebras with enveloping algebras over the operad of little $G$-framed $n$-dimensional disks for any choice of dimension $n$ and structure group $G$, and we describe these objects in two complementary ways. The first…

Combining an old idea of Olver and Rosenau with the classification of second and third order homogeneous Hamiltonian operators we classify compatible trios of two-component homogeneous Hamiltonian operators. The trios yield pairs of…

Two types of higher order Lie $\ell$-ple systems are introduced in this paper. They are defined by brackets with $\ell > 3$ arguments satisfying certain conditions, and generalize the well known Lie triple systems. One of the…

This study will explicitly demonstrate by example that an unrestricted infinite and forward recursive hierarchy of differential equations must be identified as an unclosed system of equations, despite the fact that to each unknown function…

Classical affine Lie algebras appear e.g. as symmetries of infinite dimensional integrable systems and are related to certain differential equations. They are central extensions of current algebras associated to finite-dimensional Lie…

We define the 2-Toda lattice on every simple Lie algebra g, and we show its Liouville integrability. We show that this lattice is given by a pair of Hamiltonian vector fields, associated with a Poisson bracket which results from an R-matrix…

We construct a family of maximal commutative subalgebras in the tensor product of n copies of the universal enveloping algebra U(g) of a semisimple Lie algebra g. This family is parameterized by collections \mu; z_1,...,z_n, where \mu \in…

In 1999, Grunbaum, Haine and Horozov defined a large family of commutative algebras of ordinary differential operators which have orthogonal polynomials as eigenfunctions. These polynomials are mutually orthogonal with respect to a…

In [1], an operator was introduced which acts parallel to the Riemann-Liouville differintegral on a transformation of the space of real analytic functions and commutes with itself. This paper aims to extend the technique - and its defining…

For each piecewise monotonic map tau of [0,1], we associate a pair of C*-algebras F_tau and O_tau and calculate their K-groups. The algebra F_tau is an AI-algebra. We characterize when F_tau and O_\tau are simple. In those cases, F_tau has…

We obtain stochastic duality functions for specific Markov processes using representation theory of Lie algebras. The duality functions come from the kernel of a unitary intertwiner between $*$-representations, which provides (generalized)…

The aim of this paper is to present remarkable classes of Lie-admissible algebras containing in particular the associative algebras, the Vinberg algebras and pre-Lie algebras. We determine the associated quadratic operads and their dual…

We briefly describe what tau-functions in integrable systems are. We then define a collection of tau-functions given as matrix elements for the action of $\widehat{GL_2}$ on two-component Fermionic Fock space. These tau-functions are…

We show that a graded commutative algebra A with any square zero odd differential operator is a natural generalization of a Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra. While such an operator of order 2 defines a Gerstenhaber (Lie) algebra structure on A,…

Let G be a split simple group of type G_2 over a field k, and let g be its Lie algebra. Answering a question of Colliot-Th\'el\`ene, Kunyavski\u{i}, Popov, and Reichstein, we show that the function field k(g) is generated by algebraically…