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A physics-informed neural network (PINN) uses physics-augmented loss functions, e.g., incorporating the residual term from governing partial differential equations (PDEs), to ensure its output is consistent with fundamental physics laws.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Jian Cheng Wong , Chinchun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently received much attention due to their capabilities in solving both forward and inverse problems. For training a deep neural network associated with a PINN, one typically constructs a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Pouyan Nasiri , Roozbeh Dargazany

We show that the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), in combination with some recently developed discontinuity capturing neural networks, can be applied to solve optimal control problems subject to partial differential equations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Ming-Chih Lai , Yongcun Song , Xiaoming Yuan , Hangrui Yue , Tianyou Zeng

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep neural networks that are trained, using automatic differentiation, to compute the response of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). The training of PINNs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Rini Jasmine Gladstone , Hadi Meidani

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proven as a promising way for solving various partial differential equations, especially high-dimensional ones and those with irregular boundaries. However, their capabilities in real…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Guojie Li , Wuyue Yang , Liu Hong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a promising framework for solving inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating observational data and physical constraints in a unified optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yongsheng Chen , Yong Chen , Wei Guo , Xinghui Zhong

The use of deep learning methods in scientific computing represents a potential paradigm shift in engineering problem solving. One of the most prominent developments is Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), in which neural networks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Pratanu Roy , Stephen Castonguay

"AI for Science" aims to solve fundamental scientific problems using AI techniques. As most physical phenomena can be described as Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) , approximating their solutions using neural networks has evolved as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Mohan Ren , Zhihao Fang , Keren Li , Anirbit Mukherjee

Learning the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) with a neural network is an attractive alternative to traditional solvers due to its elegance, greater flexibility and the ease of incorporating observed data. However, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Katsiaryna Haitsiukevich , Alexander Ilin

The concepts and techniques of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is studied and limitations are identified to make it efficient to approximate dynamical equations. Potential working research domains are explored for increasing the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-01-13 Siddharth Rout

While the popularity of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is steadily rising, to this date PINNs have not been successful in simulating dynamical systems whose solution exhibits multi-scale, chaotic or turbulent behavior. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sifan Wang , Shyam Sankaran , Paris Perdikaris

Approximating solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) is fundamental for the modeling of dynamical systems in science and engineering. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a recent machine learning-based approach, for…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a new paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating physical laws into the learning process of neural networks. However, ensuring that such frameworks fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Nanxi Chen , Sifan Wang , Rujin Ma , Airong Chen , Chuanjie Cui

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are one popular approach to incorporate a priori knowledge about physical systems into the learning framework. PINNs are known to be robust for smaller training sets, derive better generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Birgit Hillebrecht , Benjamin Unger

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a kind of attractive machine learning method for obtaining solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs). Training PINNs can be seen as a semi-supervised learning task, in which only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jia Guo , Haifeng Wang , Chenping Hou

The residual loss in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) alters the simple recursive relation of layers in a feed-forward neural network by applying a differential operator, resulting in a loss landscape that is inherently different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Nima Hosseini Dashtbayaz , Ghazal Farhani , Boyu Wang , Charles X. Ling

We tackle the challenge of predicting vibrational stability in inorganic semiconductors for high-throughput screening, an essential attribute for evaluating synthesizability alongside thermodynamic stability, frequently missing in prominent…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-29 M. H. Zeb , M. Z. Kabir

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have gained significant attention as a surrogate modeling strategy for partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly in regimes where labeled data are scarce and physical constraints can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Nicolás Becerra-Zuniga , Lucas Lacasa , Eusebio Valero , Gonzalo Rubio

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising approach that combines the power of neural networks with the interpretability of physical modeling. PINNs have shown good practical performance in solving partial differential…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Nathan Doumèche , Gérard Biau , Claire Boyer