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Stablecoins have emerged as a rapidly growing digital payment instrument, raising the question of whether blockchain-based settlement can function as a substitute for incumbent card networks in retail payments. This Systematization of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-05 Yuquan Li , Yuexin Xiang , Qin Wang , Tsz Hon Yuen , Andreas Deppeler , Jiangshan Yu

Blockchain's decentralization, transparency, and tamper-resistance properties have facilitated the system's use in various application fields. However, the low throughput and high confirmation latency hinder the widespread adoption of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Md Mohaimin Al Barat , Shaoyu Li , Changlai Du , Y. Thomas Hou , Wenjing Lou

Emerging applications of blockchains, such as grocery supply chains, require frequent updates to the data structure. This is in contrast with typical analyses of the Bitcoin blockchain, in which updates occur infrequently. With more…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Partha S. Dey , Aditya Gopalan

This thesis introduces a formal general framework for scaling blockchain protocols by sharding. The framework is modular and it can be adjusted for different needs or sets of assumptions. We prove that sharded protocols obtained by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Zuphit Fidelman

Blockchain technology has gained tremendous popularity both in practice and academia. The goal of this article is to develop a coherent overview of the state of the art in blockchain technology, using a systematic(i.e.,protocol-based,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Bert-Jan Butijn , Damian A. Tamburri , Willem-Jan Van Den Heuvel

Known for its decentralized and tamper-aware properties, blockchain is attractive to enhance the infrastructure of systems that have been constrained by traditionally centralized and vendor-locked environments. Although blockchain has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Peng Zhang , Douglas C. Schmidt , Jules White

Ethereum has been a cornerstone of the decentralized ecosystem, with rollup-based scaling solutions like Arbitrum and Optimism significantly expanding its capabilities. These rollups enhance scalability and foster innovation, but their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yue Li , Han Liu

In this paper we describe a prototype of a blockchain-in-a-box system which allows users to easily bootstrap the whole Ethereum Proof-of-Work (PoW) network running on multiple Raspberry Pi nodes - an inexpensive modular computers. Users are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Matija Piškorec , Anton Ivashkevich , Said Haji Abukar , Lundrim Azemi , Md Rezuanul Haque , Mostafa Chegenizadeh , Claudio J. Tessone

A blockchain is a distributed ledger for recording transactions, maintained by many nodes without central authority through a distributed cryptographic protocol. All nodes validate the information to be appended to the blockchain, and a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Christian Cachin , Marko Vukolić

Proponents of blockchains believe that this technology will revolutionize e-commerce. To evaluate this belief, we invite several groups of students to transact on a decentralized peer-to-peer marketplace built on the platform provided by…

General Economics · Economics 2025-02-14 David Lee Kuo Chuen , Yang Li , Weibiao Xu , Willy Zhao

Blockchains and distributed ledger technology offer promising capabilities for supporting collaborative business processes across organizations. Typically, approaches in this field fall into two categories: either executing the entire…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julius Köpke , Sebastian Trattnig

The presented work continues the line of recent distributed computing communityefforts dedicated to the theoretical aspects of blockchains. This paper is the rst tospecify blockchains as a composition of abstract data types all together…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Emmanuelle Anceaume , Antonella Del Pozzo , Romaric Ludinard , Maria Potop-Butucaru , Sara Tucci-Piergiovanni

Railway operations require control systems to ensure safety and efficiency, and to coordinate infrastructure elements such as switches, signals and train protection. To compete with the traditional approaches to these systems, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Michael Kuperberg

Blockchains combine other technologies, such as cryptography, networking, and incentive mechanisms, to enable the creation, validation, and recording of transactions between participating nodes. A consensus algorithm is used in a blockchain…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Oladotun Aluko , Anton Kolonin

This master thesis deals with Blockchain Technology in mobile turn based peer to peer games. First, it investigates the capabilities of Blockchain Technology to be used for gaming applications. In this regard, among others,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Dominik Braun

Blockchains are modern distributed systems that provide decentralized financial capabilities with trustable guarantees. Smart contracts are programs written in specialized programming languages running on a blockchain and govern how tokens…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Margarita Capretto , Martin Ceresa , Cesar Sanchez

A blockchain is a database of sequential events that is maintained by a distributed group of nodes. A key consensus problem in blockchains is that of determining the next block (data element) in the sequence. Many blockchains address this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Giulia Fanti , Jiantao Jiao , Ashok Makkuva , Sewoong Oh , Ranvir Rana , Pramod Viswanath

Longest-chain blockchain protocols, such as Bitcoin, guarantee liveness even when the number of actively participating users is variable, i.e., they are adaptive. However, they are not safe under network partitions, i.e., they do not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Suryanarayana Sankagiri , Xuechao Wang , Sreeram Kannan , Pramod Viswanath

Blockchain is widely applied in logistics, finance, and agriculture. As single blockchain users grow, scalability becomes crucial. However, existing works lack a comprehensive summary of blockchain scalability. They focus on single chains…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Baochao Chen , Liyuan Ma , Hao Xu , Juncheng Ma , Dengcheng Hu , Xiulong Liu , Jie Wu , Jianrong Wang , Keqiu Li

Consensus algorithms are central to blockchain technology and an emerging research area. In this paper, we begin with an overview of the different types and architectures of blockchain networks. Then, with a focus on consortium blockchains,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Wei Yao , Fadi P. Deek , Renita Murimi , Guiling Wang