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Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has greatly improved the performance of Large Language Model (LLM) responses by grounding generation with context from existing documents. These systems work well when documents are clearly relevant to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jialin Dong , Bahare Fatemi , Bryan Perozzi , Lin F. Yang , Anton Tsitsulin

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling diverse applications by integrating large-scale pre-trained knowledge. However, their static knowledge limits dynamic reasoning over external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Harshad Khadilkar , Abhay Gupta

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by grounding responses in external knowledge during inference. However, conventiona RAG systems under-perform on structured tabular data, largely due to coarse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zebin Guo , Weidong Geng , Ruichen Mao

Recommender systems have become increasingly vital in our daily lives, helping to alleviate the problem of information overload across various user-oriented online services. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has yielded…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan , Yue Feng , Shanru Lin , Xinyu Ma , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin

Medical question answering (QA) requires extensive access to domain-specific knowledge. A promising direction is to enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieved from medical corpora or parametric knowledge stored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lei Li , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently demonstrated the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the knowledge-intensive tasks such as Question-Answering (QA). RAG expands the query context by incorporating external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zijian Hei , Weiling Liu , Wenjie Ou , Juyi Qiao , Junming Jiao , Guowen Song , Ting Tian , Yi Lin

GraphRAG integrates (knowledge) graphs with large language models (LLMs) to improve reasoning accuracy and contextual relevance. Despite its promising applications and strong relevance to multiple research communities, such as databases and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yukun Cao , Zengyi Gao , Zhiyang Li , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou , Jianliang Xu

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are a promising approach to structuring knowledge contained within the corpora of research literature produced by large-scale and long-running scientific collaborations. Within experimental particle…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-09 James McGreivy , Blaise Delaney , Anja Beck , Mike Williams

Question-Answering (QA) from technical documents often involves questions whose answers are present in figures, such as flowcharts or flow diagrams. Text-based Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems may fail to answer such questions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Sumit Soman , H. G. Ranjani , Sujoy Roychowdhury , Venkata Dharma Surya Narayana Sastry , Akshat Jain , Pranav Gangrade , Ayaaz Khan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems for question answering typically retrieve evidence by semantic similarity between the query and document chunks. While effective for unstructured text, this approach is less reliable on…

Large language models (LLMs) has become a significant research focus and is utilized in various fields, such as text generation and dialog systems. One of the most essential applications of LLM is Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Sicheng Dong , Vahid Zolfaghari , Nenad Petrovic , Alois Knoll

The ability to form, retrieve, and reason about memories in response to stimuli serves as the cornerstone for general intelligence - shaping entities capable of learning, adaptation, and intuitive insight. Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Brendan Hogan Rappazzo , Yingheng Wang , Aaron Ferber , Carla Gomes

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a dominant paradigm for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. Nevertheless, effectively integrating and interpreting key evidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Zhenghao Liu , Mingyan Wu , Xinze Li , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Minghe Yu , Zheni Zeng , Maosong Sun

This paper describes an investigation of the robustness of large language models (LLMs) for retrieval augmented generation (RAG)-based summarization tasks. While LLMs provide summarization capabilities, their performance in complex,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shengjie Liu , Jing Wu , Jingyuan Bao , Wenyi Wang , Naira Hovakimyan , Christopher G Healey

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) exploits structured knowledge to support knowledge-intensive reasoning. However, most existing methods treat graphs as intermediate artifacts, and the few subgraph-based retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haonan Yuan , Qingyun Sun , Junhua Shi , Mingjun Liu , Jiaqi Yuan , Ziwei Zhang , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li

Document understanding is critical for applications from financial analysis to scientific discovery. Current approaches, whether OCR-based pipelines feeding Large Language Models (LLMs) or native Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), face key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sensen Gao , Shanshan Zhao , Xu Jiang , Lunhao Duan , Yong Xien Chng , Qing-Guo Chen , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jia-Wang Bian , Mingming Gong

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has enhanced large language models by enabling access to external knowledge, with graph-based RAG emerging as a powerful paradigm for structured retrieval and reasoning. However, existing graph-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Nengbo Wang , Tuo Liang , Vikash Singh , Chaoda Song , Van Yang , Yu Yin , Jing Ma , Jagdip Singh , Vipin Chaudhary

In customer service technical support, swiftly and accurately retrieving relevant past issues is critical for efficiently resolving customer inquiries. The conventional retrieval methods in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhentao Xu , Mark Jerome Cruz , Matthew Guevara , Tie Wang , Manasi Deshpande , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising approach to mitigate hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) for legal applications, but its reliability is critically dependent on the accuracy of the retrieval step. This is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Markus Reuter , Tobias Lingenberg , Rūta Liepiņa , Francesca Lagioia , Marco Lippi , Giovanni Sartor , Andrea Passerini , Burcu Sayin

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GRAG or Graph RAG) architectures aim to enhance language understanding and generation by leveraging external knowledge. However, effectively capturing and integrating the rich semantic information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Karishma Thakrar