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Related papers: Certifying nonstabilizerness in quantum processors

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Magic state distillation (MSD) is a purification protocol that plays a central role in fault tolerant quantum computation. Repeated iteration of the steps of a MSD protocol, generates pure single non-stabilizer states, or magic states, from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-11 Hussain Anwar , Earl T. Campbell , Dan E. Browne

The execution cost of quantum algorithms is typically quantified through asymptotic gate counts and qubit register sizes, yet these metrics do not directly capture which genuinely quantum resources, and in what amount, must be created and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Alessio Paviglianiti , Matteo Seclì , Emanuele Tirrito , Vincenzo Savona

In many architectures for fault tolerant quantum computing universality is achieved by a combination of Clifford group unitary operators and preparation of suitable nonstabilizer states, the so-called magic states. Universality is possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-28 Earl T. Campbell

Quantum entanglement and quantum nonstabilizerness are fundamental resources that characterize distinct aspects of a quantum state: entanglement reflects non-local correlations, while nonstabilizerness quantifies the deviation from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Dongheng Qian , Jing Wang

We investigate the dynamics of nonstabilizerness - also known as `magic' - in monitored quantum circuits composed of random Clifford unitaries and local projective measurements. For measurements in the computational basis, we derive an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Annarita Scocco , Wai-Keong Mok , Leandro Aolita , Mario Collura , Tobias Haug

We introduce magic measures to quantify the nonstabilizerness of multiqubit quantum gates and establish lower bounds on the $T$ count for fault-tolerant quantum computation. First, we introduce the stabilizer nullity of multi-qubit unitary,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Jiaqing Jiang , Xin Wang

A central question in quantum computation is to identify the resources that are responsible for quantum speed-up. Quantum contextuality has been recently shown to be a resource for quantum computation with magic states for odd-prime…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-26 Juan Bermejo-Vega , Nicolas Delfosse , Dan E. Browne , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf

We introduce a monotone to quantify the amount of non-stabilizerness (or magic for short), in an arbitrary quantum state. The monotone gives a necessary and sufficient criterion for detecting the presence of magic for both pure and mixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Krzysztof Warmuz , Ernest Dokudowiec , Chandrashekar Radhakrishnan , Tim Byrnes

We consider the costs and benefits of embedding the states of one quantum system within those of another. Such embeddings are ubiquitous, e.g., in error correcting codes and in symmetry-constrained systems. In particular we investigate the…

The coherence of an individual quantum state can be meaningfully discussed only when referring to a preferred basis. This arbitrariness can however be lifted when considering sets of quantum states. Here we introduce the concept of set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-08 Sébastien Designolle , Roope Uola , Kimmo Luoma , Nicolas Brunner

Universal quantum computers require entanglement and non-stabilizerness, a resource known as \textit{quantum magic}. Here, we introduce a protocol that prepares magic steady states by leveraging non-Hermitian dynamics, which, contrary to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Pablo Martinez-Azcona , Matthieu Sarkis , Alexandre Tkatchenko , Aurélia Chenu

Magic, or nonstabilizerness, characterizes how far away a state is from the stabilizer states, making it an important resource in quantum computing, under the formalism of the Gotteman-Knill theorem. In this paper, we study the magic of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Liyuan Chen , Roy J. Garcia , Kaifeng Bu , Arthur Jaffe

Finding ways to quantify magic is an important problem in quantum information theory. Recently Leone, Oliviero and Hamma introduced a class of magic measures for qubits, the stabilizer entropies of order $\alpha$, to aid in studying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Gianluca Cuffaro , Christopher A. Fuchs

To run large-scale algorithms on a quantum computer, error-correcting codes must be able to perform a fundamental set of operations, called logic gates, while isolating the encoded information from…

In the realm of fault-tolerant quantum computing, stabilizer operations play a pivotal role, characterized by their remarkable efficiency in classical simulation. This efficiency sets them apart from non-stabilizer operations within the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Chengkai Zhu , Zhiping Liu , Chenghong Zhu , Xin Wang

We give a new algorithm for computing the robustness of magic - a measure of the utility of quantum states as a computational resource. Our work is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this model, all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Markus Heinrich , David Gross

Magic-state distillation (or non-stabilizer state manipulation) is a crucial component in the leading approaches to realizing scalable, fault-tolerant, and universal quantum computation. Related to non-stabilizer state manipulation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde , Yuan Su

Stabiliser states play a central role in the theory of quantum computation. For example, they are used to encode computational basis states in the most common quantum error correction schemes. Arbitrary quantum states admit many stabiliser…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Nadish de Silva , Ming Yin , Sergii Strelchuk

A central problem in quantum information is to determine the minimal physical resources that are required for quantum computational speedup and, in particular, for fault-tolerant quantum computation. We establish a remarkable connection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-30 Victor Veitch , Christopher Ferrie , David Gross , Joseph Emerson

Quantum magic, which accounts for the non-stabilizer content of a state, is essential for universal quantum computation beyond classically simulable resources. We investigate the generation and evolution of quantum magic in discrete-time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Vikash Mittal , Yi-Ping Huang