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Identifying the drift and diffusion of an SDE from its population dynamics is a notoriously challenging task. Researchers in machine learning and single-cell biology have only been able to prove a partial identifiability result: for…

Schr\"odinger bridge (SB) has emerged as the go-to method for optimizing transportation plans in diffusion models. However, SB requires estimating the intractable forward score functions, inevitably resulting in the costly implicit training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wei Deng , Weijian Luo , Yixin Tan , Marin Biloš , Yu Chen , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Schrodinger Bridges (SBs) are diffusion processes that steer, in finite time, a given initial distribution to another final one while minimizing a suitable cost functional. Although various methods for computing SBs have recently been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 George Rapakoulias , Ali Reza Pedram , Fengjiao Liu , Lingjiong Zhu , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Modern distribution matching algorithms for training diffusion or flow models directly prescribe the time evolution of the marginal distributions between two boundary distributions. In this work, we consider a generalized distribution…

Sampling from a distribution $p(x) \propto e^{-\mathcal{E}(x)}$ known up to a normalising constant is an important and challenging problem in statistics. Recent years have seen the rise of a new family of amortised sampling algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Arran Carter , Sanghyeok Choi , Kirill Tamogashev , Víctor Elvira , Esmeralda S. Whitammer

Diffusion bridges (DBs) are a class of diffusion models that enable faster sampling by interpolating between two paired image distributions. Training traditional DBs for image reconstruction requires high-quality reference images, which…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Harry Gao , Weijie Gan , Yuyang Hu , Hongyu An , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Deep ensembles have emerged as a powerful technique for improving predictive performance and enhancing model robustness across various applications by leveraging model diversity. However, traditional deep ensemble methods are often…

Denoising diffusion models are a novel class of generative models that have recently become extremely popular in machine learning. In this paper, we describe how such ideas can also be used to sample from posterior distributions and, more…

Computation · Statistics 2023-08-29 Jeremy Heng , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet

Diffusion models have become the go-to method for large-scale generative models in real-world applications. These applications often involve data distributions confined within bounded domains, typically requiring ad-hoc thresholding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-09 Wei Deng , Yu Chen , Nicole Tianjiao Yang , Hengrong Du , Qi Feng , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Predicting the intermediate trajectories between an initial and target distribution is a central problem in generative modeling. Existing approaches, such as flow matching and Schr\"odinger bridge matching, effectively learn mappings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Sophia Tang , Yinuo Zhang , Alexander Tong , Pranam Chatterjee

Bayesian flow networks (BFNs) iteratively refine the parameters, instead of the samples in diffusion models (DMs), of distributions at various noise levels through Bayesian inference. Owing to its differentiable nature, BFNs are promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Kaiwen Xue , Yuhao Zhou , Shen Nie , Xu Min , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Chongxuan Li

Solving inverse problems -- recovering signals from incomplete or noisy measurements -- is fundamental in science and engineering. Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for this task. Two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bartlomiej Sobieski , Matthew Tivnan , Yuang Wang , Siyeop Yoon , Pengfei Jin , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li , Przemyslaw Biecek

Diffusion models have achieved unprecedented performance in image generation, yet they suffer from slow inference due to their iterative sampling process. To address this, early-exiting has recently been proposed, where the depth of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Daniel Gallo Fernández , Răzvan-Andrei Matişan , Alejandro Monroy Muñoz , Ana-Maria Vasilcoiu , Janusz Partyka , Tin Hadži Veljković , Metod Jazbec

Diffusion-based generative models are extremely effective in generating high-quality images, with generated samples often surpassing the quality of those produced by other models under several metrics. One distinguishing feature of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ashwini Pokle , Zhengyang Geng , Zico Kolter

Data is the cornerstone of deep learning. This paper reveals that the recently developed Diffusion Model is a scalable data engine for object detection. Existing methods for scaling up detection-oriented data often require manual collection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Manlin Zhang , Jie Wu , Yuxi Ren , Ming Li , Jie Qin , Xuefeng Xiao , Wei Liu , Rui Wang , Min Zheng , Andy J. Ma

A dramatic influx of diffusion-generated images has marked recent years, posing unique challenges to current detection technologies. While the task of identifying these images falls under binary classification, a seemingly straightforward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yewon Lim , Changyeon Lee , Aerin Kim , Oren Etzioni

Diffusion-based representation learning has achieved substantial attention due to its promising capabilities in latent representation and sample generation. Recent studies have employed an auxiliary encoder to identify a corresponding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yeongmin Kim , Kwanghyeon Lee , Minsang Park , Byeonghu Na , Il-Chul Moon

Ensemble methods are commonly used to enhance the generalization performance of machine learning models. However, they present a challenge in deep learning systems due to the high computational overhead required to train an ensemble of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Hao Guo , Jiyong Jin , Bin Liu

Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) offer a promising generative approach for combinatorial optimization, yet they often lack the robust exploration capabilities of traditional metaheuristics like evolutionary algorithms (EAs). We propose a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Joan Salvà Soler , Günther R. Raidl

This work proposes a novel channel estimator based on diffusion models (DMs), one of the currently top-rated generative models. Contrary to related works utilizing generative priors, a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-07 Benedikt Fesl , Michael Baur , Florian Strasser , Michael Joham , Wolfgang Utschick