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Existing rule-based explanations for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) provide global interpretability but often optimize and assess fidelity in an intermediate, uninterpretable concept space, overlooking grounding quality for end users in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chuqin Geng , Ziyu Zhao , Zhaoyue Wang , Haolin Ye , Yuhe Jiang , Xujie Si

Identifying vulnerabilities in the source code is essential to protect the software systems from cyber security attacks. It, however, is also a challenging step that requires specialized expertise in security and code representation. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Van-Anh Nguyen , Dai Quoc Nguyen , Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Quan Hung Tran , Dinh Phung

Dynamic graphs are widely used to represent evolving real-world networks. Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for processing such graphs, but the lack of transparency and explainability limits their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Xuyan Li , Jie Wang , Zheng Yan

As Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) become more pervasive, it becomes paramount to build reliable tools for explaining their predictions. A core desideratum is that explanations are \textit{faithful}, \ie that they portray an accurate picture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Steve Azzolin , Antonio Longa , Stefano Teso , Andrea Passerini

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the de facto standard for analyzing graph-structured data, leveraging message-passing techniques to capture both structural and node feature information. However, recent studies have raised concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yujia Wu , Bo Yang , Yang Zhao , Elynn Chen , Yuzhou Chen , Zheshi Zheng

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph learning tasks. However, recent studies show that GNNs are vulnerable to both test-time evasion and training-time poisoning attacks that perturb the graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Binghui Wang , Meng Pang , Yun Dong

Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have significantly advanced the performance of machine learning tasks on graphs. However, this technological breakthrough makes people wonder: how does a GNN make such decisions, and can we trust its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Xiaoqi Wang , Han-Wei Shen

Enhancing the interpretability of graph neural networks (GNNs) is crucial to ensure their safe and fair deployment. Recent work has introduced self-explainable GNNs that generate explanations as part of training, improving both faithfulness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Fanzhen Liu , Xiaoxiao Ma , Jian Yang , Alsharif Abuadbba , Kristen Moore , Surya Nepal , Cecile Paris , Quan Z. Sheng , Jia Wu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) aim to extend deep learning techniques to graph data and have achieved significant progress in graph analysis tasks (e.g., node classification) in recent years. However, similar to other deep neural networks…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Zhihua Jin , Yong Wang , Qianwen Wang , Yao Ming , Tengfei Ma , Huamin Qu

The last few years have seen an increasing wave of attacks with serious economic and privacy damages, which evinces the need for accurate Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). Recent works propose the use of Machine Learning (ML)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-02 David Pujol-Perich , José Suárez-Varela , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Pere Barlet-Ros

Despite their success in various domains, the growing dependence on GNNs raises a critical concern about the nature of the combinatorial reasoning underlying their predictions, which is often hidden within their black-box architectures.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yue Niu , Zhaokai Sun , Jiayi Yang , Xiaofeng Cao , Rui Fan , Xin Sun , Hanli Wang , Wei Ye

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a prominent graph learning model in various graph-based tasks over the years. Nevertheless, due to the vulnerabilities of GNNs, it has been empirically shown that malicious attackers could easily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yushun Dong , Binchi Zhang , Hanghang Tong , Jundong Li

Counterfactual learning is emerging as an important paradigm, rooted in causality, which promises to alleviate common issues of graph neural networks (GNNs), such as fairness and interpretability. However, as in many real-world application…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Dazhuo Qiu , Jinwen Chen , Arijit Khan , Yan Zhao , Francesco Bonchi

Machine learning (ML) on graph-structured data has recently received deepened interest in the context of intrusion detection in the cybersecurity domain. Due to the increasing amounts of data generated by monitoring tools as well as more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Anna Himmelhuber , Dominik Dold , Stephan Grimm , Sonja Zillner , Thomas Runkler

As post hoc explanations are increasingly used to understand the behavior of graph neural networks (GNNs), it becomes crucial to evaluate the quality and reliability of GNN explanations. However, assessing the quality of GNN explanations is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Chirag Agarwal , Owen Queen , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Marinka Zitnik

Graph data is becoming increasingly prevalent due to the growing demand for relational insights in AI across various domains. Organizations regularly use graph data to solve complex problems involving relationships and connections. Causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong , Xin Wang

Graph Neural Networks (graph NNs) are a promising deep learning approach for analyzing graph-structured data. However, it is known that they do not improve (or sometimes worsen) their predictive performance as we pile up many layers and add…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Kenta Oono , Taiji Suzuki

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for analyzing graph-structured data, achieving remarkable success across diverse applications. However, the theoretical understanding of the stability of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ning Zhang , Henry Kenlay , Li Zhang , Mihai Cucuringu , Xiaowen Dong

The graph-based model can help to detect suspicious fraud online. Owing to the development of Graph Neural Networks~(GNNs), prior research work has proposed many GNN-based fraud detection frameworks based on either homogeneous graphs or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Zhiwei Liu , Yingtong Dou , Philip S. Yu , Yutong Deng , Hao Peng

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are becoming the de facto method to learn on the graph data and have achieved the state-of-the-art on node and graph classification tasks. However, recent works show GNNs are vulnerable to training-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiate Li , Meng Pang , Yun Dong , Binghui Wang
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