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Indirect reciprocity is one of the major mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation in human societies. There are two types of indirect reciprocity: upstream and downstream. Cooperation in downstream reciprocity follows the pattern, 'You…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-22 Tatsuya Sasaki , Satoshi Uchida , Isamu Okada , Hitoshi Yamamoto

We consider the coupled dynamics of the adaption of network structure and the evolution of strategies played by individuals occupying the network vertices. We propose a computational model in which each agent plays a $n$-round Prisoner's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-11-05 Feng Fu , Xiaojie Chen , Lianghuan Liu , Long Wang

This paper characterizes optimal classification when individuals adjust their behavior in response to the classification rule. We model the interaction between a designer and a population as a Stackelberg game: the designer selects a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Elizabeth Maggie Penn , John W. Patty

This paper establishes a theoretical framework to describe the transition from consensus to stable clustering in multi-agent systems with nonlinear, cooperative interactions. We first establish a sharp threshold for consensus. For a broad…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Anthony Couthures , Gustave Bainier , Vineeth Satheeskumar Varma , Samson Lasaulce , Irinel-Constantin Morarescu

Here we study the effects of adopting different strategies against different opponent instead of adopting the same strategy against all of them in the prisoner dilemma structured in well-mixed populations. We consider an evolutionary…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-14 Lucas Wardil , Jafferson K. L. da Silva

Fair graph partition of social networks is a crucial step toward ensuring fair and non-discriminatory treatments in unsupervised user analysis. Current fair partition methods typically consider node balance, a notion pursuing a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Tingwei Liu , Peizhao Li , Hongfu Liu

We study an overlapping-generations model of community enforcement where each agent interacts once as young and once as old across two groups. After each match a minimal, directed record assigns a public "stigma" only when a player defects…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-12 David Li , Georgy Lukyanov

Evolutionary game theory has impacted many fields of research by providing a mathematical framework for studying the evolution and maintenance of social and moral behaviors. This success is owed in large part to the demonstration that the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-03 José F. Fontanari

Decision-making individuals are typically either an imitator, who mimics the action of the most successful individual(s), a conformist (or coordinating individual), who chooses an action if enough others have done so, or a nonconformist (or…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-02-11 Hien Le , Mohaddeseh Rajaee , Pouria Ramazi

Communication is fundamental to sustaining reciprocity and cooperation in strategic interactions. We identify and formulate the influence attribution problem as the central optimization difficulty inherent in such dynamics for a learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yue Lin , Pascal Poupart , Shuhui Zhu , Dan Qiao , Wenhao Li , Yuan Liu , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Imitating successful behavior is a natural and frequently applied approach to trust in when facing scenarios for which we have little or no experience upon which we can base our decision. In this paper, we consider such behavior in atomic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-10-04 Heiner Ackermann , Petra Berenbrink , Simon Fischer , Martin Hoefer

Numerous algorithms have been produced for the fundamental problem of clustering under many different notions of fairness. Perhaps the most common family of notions currently studied is group fairness, in which proportional group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Seyed A. Esmaeili , Sharmila Duppala , John P. Dickerson , Brian Brubach

Decision-making individuals often imitate their highest-earning fellows rather than optimize their own utilities, due to bounded rationality and incomplete information. Perpetual fluctuations between decisions have been reported as the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Yiheng Fu , Pouria Ramazi

Recently, reputation-based indirect reciprocity has been widely applied to the study on fairness behavior. Previous works mainly investigate indirect reciprocity by considering compulsory participation. While in reality, individuals may…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yanling Zhang , Yin Li , Xiaojie Chen , Guangming Xie

Interactions between people are the basis on which the structure of our society arises as a complex system and, at the same time, are the starting point of any physical description of it. In the last few years, much theoretical research has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Mattia Mazzoli , Angel Sanchez

In social dilemmas self-interested learning agents face the choice between the societal benefit of cooperation and the immediate reward of defection. Significant evidence exists on the benefits of assortment mechanisms such as partner…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Benedict Russell , Chin-wing Leung , Paolo Turrini

Consider a system in which players at nodes of an underlying graph G repeatedly play Prisoner's Dilemma against their neighbors. The players adapt their strategies based on the past behavior of their opponents by applying the so-called…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-12-08 Gabriel Istrate , Madhav V. Marathe , S. S. Ravi

Social discrimination seems to be a persistent phenomenon in many cultures. It is important to understand the mechanisms that lead people to judge others by the group to which they belong, rather than individual qualities. It was recently…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2019-12-11 Gorm Gruner Jensen , Frederik Tischel , Stefan Bornholdt

Indirect reciprocity is a foundational mechanism of human cooperation. Existing models of indirect reciprocity fail to robustly support social cooperation: image scoring models fail to provide robust incentives, while social standing models…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-10 Daniel Clark , Drew Fudenberg , Alexander Wolitzky

In this paper, we study a model reduction technique for leader-follower networked multi-agent systems defined on weighted, undirected graphs with arbitrary linear multivariable agent dynamics. In the network graph of this network, nodes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-11 Hidde-Jan Jongsma , Petar Mlinarić , Sara Grundel , Peter Benner , Harry L. Trentelman