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Learning transferable representations for electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging because EEG signals are inherently multi-channel and non-stationary. Channels observed at the same time provide coupled measurements of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Fan Ma , Qier An , Peng Chen , Lingfei Qian , Xiang Lan , Mingyang Jiang , Zhiling Gu , Xenophon Papademetris , Hua Xu

Decoding the human brain has been a hallmark of neuroscientists and Artificial Intelligence researchers alike. Reconstruction of visual images from brain Electroencephalography (EEG) signals has garnered a lot of interest due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Prajwal Singh , Dwip Dalal , Gautam Vashishtha , Krishna Miyapuram , Shanmuganathan Raman

Pretrained vision foundation models deliver strong performance across tasks with limited fine-tuning. However, their Vision Transformer (ViT) backbones impose high inference costs, limiting deployment on resource-constrained devices. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Carmelo Scribano , Mohammad Mahdi , Nedyalko Prisadnikov , Yuqian Fu , Giorgia Franchini , Danda Pani Paudel , Marko Bertogna , Luc Van Gool

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown promising performance compared with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), but the training of ViTs is much harder than CNNs. In this paper, we define several metrics, including Dynamic Data Proportion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Benjia Zhou , Pichao Wang , Jun Wan , Yanyan Liang , Fan Wang

The accurate analysis of medical images is vital for diagnosing and predicting medical conditions. Traditional approaches relying on radiologists and clinicians suffer from inconsistencies and missed diagnoses. Computer-aided diagnosis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yulong Shisu , Susano Mingwin , Yongshuai Wanwag , Zengqiang Chenso , Sunshin Huing

Recently, vision Transformers (ViTs) are developing rapidly and starting to challenge the domination of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the realm of computer vision (CV). With the general-purpose Transformer architecture replacing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Haofei Zhang , Jiarui Duan , Mengqi Xue , Jie Song , Li Sun , Mingli Song

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a pathway to restore communication for individuals with severe motor or speech impairments. Imagined handwriting provides an intuitive paradigm for character-level neural decoding, bridging the gap…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Ovishake Sen , Raghav Soni , Darpan Virmani , Akshar Parekh , Patrick Lehman , Sarthak Jena , Adithi Katikhaneni , Adam Khalifa , Baibhab Chatterjee

A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) connects the human brain to the outside world, providing a direct communication channel. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are commonly used in BCIs to reflect cognitive patterns related to motor function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Abdullah Al Shiam , Md. Khademul Islam Molla , Abu Saleh Musa Miah , Md. Abdus Samad Kamal

Deep learning models are increasingly utilized on resource-constrained edge devices for real-time data analytics. Recently, Vision Transformer and their variants have shown exceptional performance in various computer vision tasks. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xiang Liu , Yijun Song , Xia Li , Yifei Sun , Huiying Lan , Zemin Liu , Linshan Jiang , Jialin Li

In previous studies, decoding electroencephalography (EEG) signals has not considered the topological relationship of EEG electrodes. However, the latest neuroscience has suggested brain network connectivity. Thus, the exhibited interaction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Shuyue Jia , Yimin Hou , Yan Shi , Yang Li

Vision Transformer (ViT) has achieved remarkable performance in computer vision. However, positional encoding in ViT makes it substantially difficult to learn the intrinsic equivariance in data. Initial attempts have been made on designing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Renjun Xu , Kaifan Yang , Ke Liu , Fengxiang He

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals contain rich temporal-spectral structure but are difficult to model due to noise, subject variability, and multi-scale dynamics. Lightweight deep learning models have shown promise, yet many either rely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Md Shahriar Sajid , Abhijit Kumar Ghosh , Fariha Nusrat

An electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enables people to communicate with the outside world by interpreting the EEG signals of their brains to interact with devices such as wheelchairs and intelligent robots.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Quan Z. Sheng , Salil S. Kanhere , Tao Gu , Dalin Zhang

Vision Transformer (ViT) has prevailed in computer vision tasks due to its strong long-range dependency modelling ability. \textcolor{blue}{However, its large model size and weak local feature modeling ability hinder its application in real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yi Zhang , Lingxiao Wei , Bowei Zhang , Ziwei Liu , Kai Yi , Shu Hu

With the rapid development of deep learning, CNN-based U-shaped networks have succeeded in medical image segmentation and are widely applied for various tasks. However, their limitations in capturing global features hinder their performance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Xin Li , Wenhui Zhu , Xuanzhao Dong , Oana M. Dumitrascu , Yalin Wang

Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) are two non-invasive bio-signals, which are widely used in human machine interface (HMI) technologies (EEG-HMI and EMG-HMI paradigm) for the rehabilitation of physically…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-23 Omair Ali , Muhammad Saif-ur-Rehman , Tobias Glasmachers , Ioannis Iossifidis , Christian Klaes

While analytics of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) holds certain advantages over other methods in clinical applications, high variability across subjects poses a significant challenge when it comes to deploying machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Manoj Vishwanath , Steven Cao , Nikil Dutt , Amir M. Rahmani , Miranda M. Lim , Hung Cao

Vision Transformers (ViT) have recently brought a new wave of research in the field of computer vision. These models have performed particularly well in image classification and segmentation. Research on semantic and instance segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ashim Dahal , Saydul Akbar Murad , Nick Rahimi

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an invaluable tool in neuroscience, offering insights into brain activity with high temporal resolution. Recent advancements in machine learning and generative modeling have catalyzed the application of EEG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yashvir Sabharwal , Balaji Rama

In diagnosing neurological disorders from electroencephalography (EEG) data, foundation models such as Transformers have been employed to capture temporal dynamics. Additionally, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are critical for representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Toyotaro Suzumura , Hiroki Kanezashi , Shotaro Akahori