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Reward engineering is one of the key challenges in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Preference-based RL effectively addresses this issue by learning from human feedback. However, it is both time-consuming and expensive to collect human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Runze Liu , Chenjia Bai , Jiafei Lyu , Shengjie Sun , Yali Du , Xiu Li

The recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated considerable interest in their utilization for sequential recommendation tasks. While collaborative signals from similar users are central to recommendation modeling,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Tong Zhang

Recent AI-assistant agents, such as ChatGPT, predominantly rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) with human annotations and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to align the output of large language models (LLMs) with human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqing Sun , Yikang Shen , Qinhong Zhou , Hongxin Zhang , Zhenfang Chen , David Cox , Yiming Yang , Chuang Gan

LLM-generated drafts often contain subtle factual or logical errors, yet prior work shows that models struggle to reliably integrate multi-turn feedback aimed at fixing them. We propose in-place feedback, an interaction paradigm in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Youngbin Choi , Minjong Lee , Saemi Moon , Seunghyuk Cho , Chaehyeon Chung , MoonJeong Park , Dongwoo Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in educational settings as interactive tools for collaboration. However, their tendency toward sycophancy, aligning with user beliefs even when incorrect, raises concerns for learning and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Cansu Koyuturk , Sabrina Guidotti , Dimitri Ognibene

Interactive Machine Learning is concerned with creating systems that operate in environments alongside humans to achieve a task. A typical use is to extend or amplify the capabilities of a human in cognitive or physical ways, requiring the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Miguel Alonso

Embodied AI Agents are quickly becoming important and common tools in society. These embodied agents should be able to learn about and accomplish a wide range of user goals and preferences efficiently and robustly. Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Rachel Ma , Jingyi Qu , Andreea Bobu , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Recent developments in Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) allow large language models (LLMs) to function as implicit ranking models by maximizing the margin between preferred and non-preferred responses. In practice, user feedback on such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Junda Wu , Rohan Surana , Zhouhang Xie , Yiran Shen , Yu Xia , Tong Yu , Ryan A. Rossi , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Julian McAuley

Large language model (LLM) agents often rely on long sequences of low-level textual actions, resulting in large effective decision horizons and high inference cost. While prior work has focused on improving inference efficiency through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wenhao Huang , Qingwen Zeng , Qiyue Chen , Zijie Guo , Yu Sun , Cheng Yang , Siru Ouyang , Jiri Gesi , Fang Wu , Jiayi Zhang , Huaming Chen , Bang Liu , Xiangru Tang , Chenglin Wu

Previous work has showcased the intriguing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in instruction-following and rhetorical fluency. However, systematic exploration of their dual capabilities to autonomously persuade and resist…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Tianjie Ju , Yujia Chen , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zongru Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Personalized alignment is essential for enabling large language models (LLMs) to engage effectively in user-centric dialogue. While recent prompt-based and offline optimization methods offer preliminary solutions, they fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Haixiao Liu , Biye Li , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Descriptive Multimodal Emotion Recognition (DMER) has garnered increasing research attention. Unlike traditional discriminative paradigms that rely on predefined emotion taxonomies, DMER aims to describe human emotional state using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Lian , Licai Sun , Lan Chen , Haoyu Chen , Zebang Cheng , Fan Zhang , Ziyu Jia , Ziyang Ma , Fei Ma , Xiaojiang Peng , Jianhua Tao

Interactive Fiction games (IF games) are where players interact through natural language commands. While recent advances in Artificial Intelligence agents have reignited interest in IF games as a domain for studying decision-making,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jinming Zhang , Yunfei Long

We study the problem of aligning a generative model's response with a user's preferences. Recent works have proposed several different formulations for personalized alignment; however, they either require a large amount of user preference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Victor-Alexandru Pădurean , Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Nachiket Kotalwar , Alkis Gotovos , Adish Singla

Sequential recommendation is to predict the next item of interest for a user, based on her/his interaction history with previous items. In conventional sequential recommenders, a common approach is to model item sequences using discrete…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Zhengyi Yang , Jiancan Wu , Yanchen Luo , Jizhi Zhang , Yancheng Yuan , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for enhancing their utility in terms of helpfulness, truthfulness, safety, harmlessness, and interestingness. Existing methods for achieving this alignment often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Wenhao Liu , Xiaohua Wang , Muling Wu , Tianlong Li , Changze Lv , Zixuan Ling , Jianhao Zhu , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

User simulation is increasingly vital to develop and evaluate recommender systems (RSs). While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising avenues to simulate user behavior, they often struggle with the absence of specific task alignment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tianjun Wei , Huizhong Guo , Yingpeng Du , Zhu Sun , Huang Chen , Dongxia Wang , Jie Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have facilitated significant strides in generating conversational agents, enabling seamless, contextually relevant dialogues across diverse topics. However, the existing LLM-driven conversational agents have…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Juhye Ha , Hyeon Jeon , DaEun Han , Jinwook Seo , Changhoon Oh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in social science simulations. While their performance on reasoning and optimization tasks has been extensively evaluated, less attention has been paid to their ability to simulate human…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yuanjun Feng , Vivek Choudhary , Yash Raj Shrestha

In natural human-to-human conversations, participants often receive feedback signals from one another based on their follow-up reactions. These reactions can include verbal responses, facial expressions, changes in emotional state, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Chen Zhang , Dading Chong , Feng Jiang , Chengguang Tang , Anningzhe Gao , Guohua Tang , Haizhou Li
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