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Large vision language models (LVLMs) have improved the document understanding capabilities remarkably, enabling the handling of complex document elements, longer contexts, and a wider range of tasks. However, existing document understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Chao Deng , Jiale Yuan , Pi Bu , Peijie Wang , Zhong-Zhi Li , Jian Xu , Xiao-Hui Li , Yuan Gao , Jun Song , Bo Zheng , Cheng-Lin Liu

We propose Referral-Augmented Retrieval (RAR), a simple technique that concatenates document indices with referrals, i.e. text from other documents that cite or link to the given document, to provide significant performance gains for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Michael Tang , Shunyu Yao , John Yang , Karthik Narasimhan

Understanding the contents of multimodal documents is essential to accurately extract relevant evidence and use it for reasoning. Existing document understanding models tend to generate answers with a single word or phrase directly,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jinxu Zhang

Chunking is a crucial preprocessing step in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems, significantly impacting retrieval effectiveness across diverse datasets. In this study, we systematically evaluate fixed-size chunking strategies and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sinchana Ramakanth Bhat , Max Rudat , Jannis Spiekermann , Nicolas Flores-Herr

Current tasks and methods in Document Understanding aims to process documents as single elements. However, documents are usually organized in collections (historical records, purchase invoices), that provide context useful for their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Rubèn Tito , Dimosthenis Karatzas , Ernest Valveny

Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has led to a surge of benchmarks for long-video reasoning. However, most existing benchmarks rely on localized cues and fail to capture narrative reasoning, the ability to track…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Rahul Jain , Keval Doshi , Burak Uzkent , Garin Kessler

Long-form question answering (LFQA) poses a challenge as it involves generating detailed answers in the form of paragraphs, which go beyond simple yes/no responses or short factual answers. While existing QA models excel in questions with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Pritom Saha Akash , Kashob Kumar Roy , Lucian Popa , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

In dense retrieval, embedding long texts into dense vectors can result in information loss, leading to inaccurate query-text matching. Additionally, low-quality texts with excessive noise or sparse key information are unlikely to align well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hongming Tan , Shaoxiong Zhan , Hai Lin , Hai-Tao Zheng , Wai Kin Chan

This paper presents a procedure to retrieve subsets of relevant documents from large text collections for Content Analysis, e.g. in social sciences. Document retrieval for this purpose needs to take account of the fact that analysts often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Gregor Wiedemann , Andreas Niekler

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the response capabilities of language models by integrating external knowledge sources. However, document chunking as an important part of RAG system often lacks effective evaluation tools. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Wensheng Lu , Keyu Chen , Ruizhi Qiao , Xing Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant challenges in long-context processing, including quadratic computational costs, information forgetting, and the context fragmentation inherent in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuoen Chen , Dongfang Li , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Multi-hop question answering (QA) requires reasoning across multiple documents, yet existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) approaches address this either through graph-based methods requiring additional online processing or iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zhenghua Bao , Yi Shi

This paper introduces our proposed system for the MIA Shared Task on Cross-lingual Open-retrieval Question Answering (COQA). In this challenging scenario, given an input question the system has to gather evidence documents from a…

One technique to improve the retrieval effectiveness of a search engine is to expand documents with terms that are related or representative of the documents' content.From the perspective of a question answering system, this might comprise…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Rodrigo Nogueira , Wei Yang , Jimmy Lin , Kyunghyun Cho

Understanding information-dense documents like recipes and scientific papers requires readers to find, interpret, and connect details scattered across text, figures, tables, and other visual elements. These documents are often long and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Alyssa Hwang , Hita Kambhamettu , Yue Yang , Ajay Patel , Joseph Chee Chang , Andrew Head

Document Question Answering (DocQA) focuses on answering questions grounded in given documents, yet existing DocQA agents lack effective tool utilization and largely rely on closed-source models. In this work, we introduce DocDancer, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Qintong Zhang , Xinjie Lv , Jialong Wu , Baixuan Li , Zhengwei Tao , Guochen Yan , Huanyao Zhang , Bin Wang , Jiahao Xu , Haitao Mi , Wentao Zhang

Doc2Query -- the process of expanding the content of a document before indexing using a sequence-to-sequence model -- has emerged as a prominent technique for improving the first-stage retrieval effectiveness of search engines. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Mitko Gospodinov , Sean MacAvaney , Craig Macdonald

Deep neural networks have achieved significant improvements in information retrieval (IR). However, most existing models are computational costly and can not efficiently scale to long documents. This paper proposes a novel End-to-End neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Chen Zheng , Yu Sun , Shengxian Wan , Dianhai Yu

Despite the success of Transformers, handling long contexts remains challenging due to the limited length generalization and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Thus Transformers often require post-training with a larger attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Xiang Hu , Zhihao Teng , Jun Zhao , Wei Wu , Kewei Tu

The amount of audio-visual information has increased dramatically with the advent of High Speed Internet. Furthermore, technological advances in recent years in the field of information technology, have simplified the use of video data in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-12-30 M. Ben Halima , M. Hamroun , S. Ben Moussa , A. M. Alimi