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Self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown impressive results in downstream classification tasks. However, there is limited work in understanding their failure modes and interpreting their learned representations. In this paper, we study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Neha Kalibhat , Kanika Narang , Hamed Firooz , Maziar Sanjabi , Soheil Feizi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods which learn representations of data without explicit supervision have gained popularity in speech-processing tasks, particularly for single-talker applications. However, these models often have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Zili Huang , Desh Raj , Paola García , Sanjeev Khudanpur

We introduce Negative Sampling in Semi-Supervised Learning (NS3L), a simple, fast, easy to tune algorithm for semi-supervised learning (SSL). NS3L is motivated by the success of negative sampling/contrastive estimation. We demonstrate that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 John Chen , Vatsal Shah , Anastasios Kyrillidis

A recent line of research on automated speaking assessment (ASA) has benefited from self-supervised learning (SSL) representations, which capture rich acoustic and linguistic patterns in non-native speech without underlying assumptions of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Tien-Hong Lo , Szu-Yu Chen , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

In recent studies, self-supervised pre-trained models tend to outperform supervised pre-trained models in transfer learning. In particular, self-supervised learning (SSL) of utterance-level speech representation can be used in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-11 Jaejin Cho , Jes'us Villalba , Laureano Moro-Velazquez , Najim Dehak

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have achieved considerable improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In addition, ASR performance could be further improved if the model is dedicated to audio content information learning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-08 Genshun Wan , Tan Liu , Hang Chen , Jia Pan , Cong Liu , Zhongfu Ye

Self-supervised learning (SSL)-based speech models are extensively used for full-stack speech processing. However, it has been observed that improving SSL-based speech representations using unlabeled speech for content-related tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Amit Meghanani , Thomas Hain

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for Chest X-ray (CXR) analysis under limited annotations. Yet, existing SSL strategies remain suboptimal for medical imaging. Masked image modeling allocates substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wangyu Feng , Shawn Young , Lijian Xu

Speaker verification systems have seen significant advancements with the introduction of Multi-scale Feature Aggregation (MFA) architectures, such as MFA-Conformer and ECAPA-TDNN. These models leverage information from various network…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Satvik Dixit , Massa Baali , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) is an approach to learn useful representations by solving a pretext task that selects and compares anchor, negative and positive (APN) features from an unlabeled dataset. We present a conceptual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-02 William Falcon , Kyunghyun Cho

Neural speech separation has made remarkable progress and its integration with automatic speech recognition (ASR) is an important direction towards realizing multi-speaker ASR. This work provides an insightful investigation of speech…

Contrastive Self-supervised Learning (CSL) is a practical solution that learns meaningful visual representations from massive data in an unsupervised approach. The ordinary CSL embeds the features extracted from neural networks onto…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Shentong Mo , Zhun Sun , Chao Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) leverages large amounts of unlabelled data to learn rich speech representations, fostering improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR), even when only a small amount of labelled data is available for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-28 Carlos Carvalho , Alberto Abad

This paper presents SimCLR: a simple framework for contrastive learning of visual representations. We simplify recently proposed contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms without requiring specialized architectures or a memory bank.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton

Contrastive methods have led a recent surge in the performance of self-supervised representation learning (SSL). Recent methods like BYOL or SimSiam purportedly distill these contrastive methods down to their essence, removing bells and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Alexander C. Li , Alexei A. Efros , Deepak Pathak

We present a self-supervised learning (SSL) method suitable for semi-global tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation. We enforce local consistency between self-learned features, representing corresponding image locations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Ashraful Islam , Ben Lundell , Harpreet Sawhney , Sudipta Sinha , Peter Morales , Richard J. Radke

Self-training (ST) and self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have demonstrated strong improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In spite of these advances, to the best of our knowledge, there is no analysis of how the composition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Dan Berrebbi , Ronan Collobert , Navdeep Jaitly , Tatiana Likhomanenko

While contrastive learning is proven to be an effective training strategy in computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP) is only recently adopting it as a self-supervised alternative to Masked Language Modeling (MLM) for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Hooman Sedghamiz , Shivam Raval , Enrico Santus , Tuka Alhanai , Mohammad Ghassemi

The representation learning problem in the oil & gas industry aims to construct a model that provides a representation based on logging data for a well interval. Previous attempts are mainly supervised and focus on similarity task, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Alexander Marusov , Alexey Zaytsev

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is an essential task for machines to understand human speech for better interactions. However, errors from the automatic speech recognizer (ASR) usually hurt the understanding performance. In reality, ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Ya-Hsin Chang , Yun-Nung Chen