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Vector addition system with states is an ubiquitous model of computation with extensive applications in computer science. The reachability problem for vector addition systems is central since many other problems reduce to that question. The…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Jérôme Leroux , Grégoire Sutre

Branching VASS (BVASS) generalise vector addition systems with states by allowing for special branching transitions that can non-deterministically distribute a counter value between two control states. A run of a BVASS consequently becomes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Stefan Göller , Christoph Haase , Ranko Lazić , Patrick Totzke

Despite recent progress which settled the complexity of the reachability problem for Vector Addition Systems with States (VASSes) as being Ackermann-complete we still lack much understanding for that problem. A striking example is the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Wojciech Czerwiński , Adam Jędrych

A pushdown vector addition system with states (PVASS) extends the model of vector addition systems with a pushdown stack. The algorithmic analysis of PVASS has applications such as static analysis of recursive programs manipulating integer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Guillermo A. Perez , Shrisha Rao

We consider a variant of VASS extended with integer counters, denoted VASS+Z. These are automata equipped with N and Z counters; the N-counters are required to remain nonnegative and the Z-counters do not have this restriction. We study the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Clotilde Bizière , Wojciech Czerwiński , Roland Guttenberg , Jérôme Leroux , Vincent Michielini , Łukasz Orlikowski , Antoni Puch , Henry Sinclair-Banks

We investigate the reachability problem in symmetric vector addition systems with states (VASS), where transitions are invariant under a group of permutations of coordinates. One extremal case, the trivial groups, yields general VASS. In…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Łukasz Kamiński , Sławomir Lasota

Seminal results establish that the coverability problem for Vector Addition Systems with States (VASS) is in EXPSPACE (Rackoff, '78) and is EXPSPACE-hard already under unary encodings (Lipton, '76). More precisely, Rosier and Yen later…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Marvin Künnemann , Filip Mazowiecki , Lia Schütze , Henry Sinclair-Banks , Karol Węgrzycki

Pushdown Vector Addition Systems with States (PVASS) consist of finitely many control states, a pushdown stack, and a set of counters that can be incremented and decremented, but not tested for zero. Whether the reachability problem is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-01 A. R. Balasubramanian , Rupak Majumdar , Ramanathan S. Thinniyam , Georg Zetzsche

We consider the model of one-dimensional Pushdown Vector Addition Systems (1-PVAS), a fundamental computational model simulating both recursive and concurrent behaviours. Our main result is decidability of the reachability problem for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Clotilde Bizière , Wojciech Czerwiński

Reachability is the problem of deciding whether there is a path from one vertex to the other in the graph. Standard graph traversal algorithms such as DFS and BFS take linear time to decide reachability however their space complexity is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Rahul Jain , Raghunath Tewari

Vector addition system with states (VASS) is a popular model for the verification of concurrent systems. VASS consists of finitely many control states and a set of counters which can be incremented and decremented, but not tested for zero.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-21 A. R. Balasubramanian

This note is a product of digestion of the famous proof of decidability of the reachability problem for vector addition systems with states (VASS), as first established by Mayr in 1981 and then simplified by Kosaraju in 1982. The note is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Sławomir Lasota

A pushdown vector addition system with states (PVASS) extends the model of vector addition systems with a pushdown store. A PVASS is said to be \emph{bidirected} if every transition (pushing/popping a symbol or modifying a counter) has an…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Moses Ganardi , Rupak Majumdar , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Lia Schütze , Georg Zetzsche

This paper studies reachability, coverability and inclusion problems for Integer Vector Addition Systems with States (ZVASS) and extensions and restrictions thereof. A ZVASS comprises a finite-state controller with a finite number of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-01 Christoph Haase , Simon Halfon

The reachability problem for vector addition systems is a central problem of net theory. This problem is known to be decidable but the complexity is still unknown. Whereas the problem is EXPSPACE-hard, no elementary upper bounds complexity…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Jérôme Leroux

We study a class of reachability problems in weighted graphs with constraints on the accumulated weight of paths. The problems we study can equivalently be formulated in the model of vector addition systems with states (VASS). We consider a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Shaull Almagor , Nathann Cohen , Guillermo A. Pérez , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

Verifying correctness of deep neural networks (DNNs) is challenging. We study a generic reachability problem for feed-forward DNNs which, for a given set of inputs to the network and a Lipschitz-continuous function over its outputs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Wenjie Ruan , Xiaowei Huang , Marta Kwiatkowska

Blondin et al. showed at LICS 2015 that two-dimensional vector addition systems with states have reachability witnesses of length exponential in the number of states and polynomial in the norm of vectors. The resulting guess-and-verify…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Matthias Englert , Ranko Lazić , Patrick Totzke

Vector addition systems with states (VASS) are a popular model for concurrent systems. However, many decision problems have prohibitively high complexity. Therefore, it is sometimes useful to consider overapproximating semantics in which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Pascal Baumann , Khushraj Madnani , Filip Mazowiecki , Georg Zetzsche

In this paper, the reachability of dimension-bounded linear systems is investigated.Since state dimensions of dimension-bounded linear systems vary with time, the expression of state dimension at each time is provided.A method for judging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Yiliang Li , Haitao Li , Jun-e Feng , Jinjin Li