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Climate decision making is constrained by the complexity and inaccessibility of key information within lengthy, technical, and multi-lingual documents. Generative AI technologies offer a promising route for improving the accessibility of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Matyas Juhasz , Kalyan Dutia , Henry Franks , Conor Delahunty , Patrick Fawbert Mills , Harrison Pim

Background: Over the past few decades, the process and methodology of automated question generation (AQG) have undergone significant transformations. Recent progress in generative natural language models has opened up new potential in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Dominic Lohr , Marc Berges , Abhishek Chugh , Michael Kohlhase , Dennis Müller

Recent advancements in Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains. While they exhibit strong zero-shot performance on various tasks, LLMs' effectiveness in music-related applications…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Daeyong Kwon , SeungHeon Doh , Juhan Nam

Audio Question Answering (AQA) constitutes a pivotal task in which machines analyze both audio signals and natural language questions to produce precise natural language answers. The significance of possessing high-quality, diverse, and…

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various language tasks but suffer from hallucinations and temporal misalignment. To mitigate these shortcomings, Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhongzhen Huang , Kui Xue , Yongqi Fan , Linjie Mu , Ruoyu Liu , Tong Ruan , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

The Retrieval Question Answering (ReQA) task employs the retrieval-augmented framework, composed of a retriever and generator. The generator formulates the answer based on the documents retrieved by the retriever. Incorporating Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Haoyan Yang , Zhitao Li , Yong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Ming Li , Jing Xiao

This paper explores domain adaptation for enabling question answering (QA) systems to answer questions posed against documents in new specialized domains. Current QA systems using deep neural network (DNN) technology have proven effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Timothy J. Hazen , Shehzaad Dhuliawala , Daniel Boies

Retrieval-augmented generation can improve audio captioning by incorporating relevant audio-text pairs from a knowledge base. Existing methods typically rely solely on the input audio as a unimodal retrieval query. In contrast, we propose…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Choi Changin , Lim Sungjun , Rhee Wonjong

Large Language Models~(LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps mitigate this, but at a high computational cost while risking misinformation. Adaptive retrieval aims to retrieve only when necessary,…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a well-established and rapidly evolving field within AI that enhances the outputs of large language models by integrating relevant information retrieved from external knowledge sources. While industry…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Lorenz Brehme , Benedikt Dornauer , Thomas Ströhle , Maximilian Ehrhart , Ruth Breu

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with generating reliable outputs due to outdated knowledge and hallucinations. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models address this by enhancing LLMs with external knowledge, but often fail to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Saber Zerhoudi , Michael Granitzer

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs)-based question answering (QA) systems play a critical role in modern AI, demonstrating strong performance across various tasks. However, LLM-generated responses often suffer from hallucinations, unfaithful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yuqing Zhao , Ziyao Liu , Yongsen Zheng , Kwok-Yan Lam

Practitioners deploying small open-weight large language models (LLMs) for medical question answering face a recurring design choice: invest in a domain-fine-tuned model, or keep a general-purpose model and inject domain knowledge at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Avi-ad Avraam Buskila

Knowledge-intensive tasks, such as open-domain question answering (QA), require access to a large amount of world or domain knowledge. A common approach for knowledge-intensive tasks is to employ a retrieve-then-read pipeline that first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Wenhao Yu , Dan Iter , Shuohang Wang , Yichong Xu , Mingxuan Ju , Soumya Sanyal , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng , Meng Jiang

We propose Generation-Augmented Retrieval (GAR) for answering open-domain questions, which augments a query through text generation of heuristically discovered relevant contexts without external resources as supervision. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Yuning Mao , Pengcheng He , Xiaodong Liu , Yelong Shen , Jianfeng Gao , Jiawei Han , Weizhu Chen

We study question answering in the domain of radio regulations, a legally sensitive and high-stakes area. We propose a telecom-specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline and introduce, to our knowledge, the first multiple-choice…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zakaria El Kassimi , Fares Fourati , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in numerous tasks but still heavily rely on knowledge stored in their parameters. Moreover, updating this knowledge incurs high training costs. Retrieval-augmented generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Xuhong Zhang , Weihao Liu , Jianwei Yin , Jiannan Cao , Tianyu Du

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite extensive pretraining on broad internet corpora, often struggle to adapt effectively to specialized domains. There is growing interest in fine-tuning these models for such domains; however, progress is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Vincent Grari , Ciprian Tomoiaga , Sylvain Lamprier , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Marcin Detyniecki

We introduce AccurateRAG -- a novel framework for constructing high-performance question-answering applications based on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Our framework offers a pipeline for development efficiency with tools for raw…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Linh The Nguyen , Chi Tran , Dung Ngoc Nguyen , Van-Cuong Pham , Hoang Ngo , Dat Quoc Nguyen