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This article revisits the widely studied problem of disinformation and related phenomena in online social networks (OSNs) by reframing it as a broader problem of misrepresentation. While disinformation is commonly understood as the…

Social media platforms utilize Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered recommendation algorithms to maximize user engagement, which can result in inadvertent exposure to harmful content. Current moderation efforts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rajvardhan Oak , Muhammad Haroon , Claire Jo , Magdalena Wojcieszak , Anshuman Chhabra

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial progress in the past several months, shattering state-of-the-art benchmarks in many domains. This paper investigates LLMs' behavior with respect to gender stereotypes, a known issue for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hadas Kotek , Rikker Dockum , David Q. Sun

Since 2016, the amount of academic research with the keyword "misinformation" has more than doubled [2]. This research often focuses on article headlines shown in artificial testing environments, yet misinformation largely spreads through…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Emily Saltz , Claire Leibowicz , Claire Wardle

Cyber information influence, or disinformation in general terms, is widely regarded as one of the biggest threats to social progress and government stability. From US presidential elections to European Union referendums and down to regional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jason M. Pittman

In order to study online hate speech, the availability of datasets containing the linguistic phenomena of interest are of crucial importance. However, when it comes to specific target groups, for example teenagers, collecting such data may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Stefano Menini , Sara Tonelli

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to exhibit biases against LGBTQ+ populations. While safety training may lessen explicit expressions of bias, previous work has shown that implicit stereotype-driven associations often persist. In…

The successful application of neural methods to machine translation has realized huge quality advances for the community. With these improvements, many have noted outstanding challenges, including the modeling and treatment of gendered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Hila Gonen , Kellie Webster

LLMs increasingly excel on AI benchmarks, but doing so does not guarantee validity for downstream tasks. This study contrasts LLM alignment on benchmarks, downstream tasks, and, importantly the intended impact of those tasks. We evaluate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Michael Hardy , Yunsung Kim

Algorithms deployed in education can shape the learning experience and success of a student. It is therefore important to understand whether and how such algorithms might create inequalities or amplify existing biases. In this paper, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jade Maï Cock , Muhammad Bilal , Richard Davis , Mirko Marras , Tanja Käser

Cyberbullying is a pervasive problem in online communities. To identify cyberbullying cases in large-scale social networks, content moderators depend on machine learning classifiers for automatic cyberbullying detection. However, existing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Caleb Ziems , Ymir Vigfusson , Fred Morstatter

Social media provide access to behavioural data at an unprecedented scale and granularity. However, using these data to understand phenomena in a broader population is difficult due to their non-representativeness and the bias of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Zijian Wang , Scott A. Hale , David Adelani , Przemyslaw A. Grabowicz , Timo Hartmann , Fabian Flöck , David Jurgens

A person's gender is a crucial piece of information when performing research across a wide range of scientific disciplines, such as medicine, sociology, political science, and economics, to name a few. However, in increasing instances,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Kriste Krstovski , Yao Lu , Ye Xu

Bias-measuring datasets play a critical role in detecting biased behavior of language models and in evaluating progress of bias mitigation methods. In this work, we focus on evaluating gender bias through coreference resolution, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zhongbin Xie , Vid Kocijan , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Oana-Maria Camburu

Recent studies show that Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies propagate societal biases about demographic groups associated with attributes such as gender, race, and nationality. To create interventions and mitigate these biases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Sunipa Dev , Emily Sheng , Jieyu Zhao , Aubrie Amstutz , Jiao Sun , Yu Hou , Mattie Sanseverino , Jiin Kim , Akihiro Nishi , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Real-world information, often multimodal, can be misinformed or potentially misleading due to factual errors, outdated claims, missing context, misinterpretation, and more. Such "misinformation" is understudied, challenging to address, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xinyi Zhou , Ashish Sharma , Amy X. Zhang , Tim Althoff

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their deployment is frequently undermined by undesirable behaviors such as generating harmful content, factual inaccuracies, and societal biases. Diagnosing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Zhe Li , Wei Zhao , Yige Li , Jun Sun

Inaccuracies in existing or generated clinical text may lead to serious adverse consequences, especially if it is a misdiagnosis or incorrect treatment suggestion. With Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly being used across diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Congbo Ma , Yichun Zhang , Yousef Al-Jazzazi , Ahamed Foisal , Laasya Sharma , Yousra Sadqi , Khaled Saleh , Jihad Mallat , Farah E. Shamout

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, including the development of highly sophisticated large language models (LLM), have proven beneficial in many real-world applications. However, evidence of inherent bias encoded in these LLMs has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Vithya Yogarajan , Gillian Dobbie , Timothy Pistotti , Joshua Bensemann , Kobe Knowles

Recent studies have revealed that the widely-used Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) propagate societal biases from the large unmoderated pre-training corpora. Existing solutions require debiasing training processes and datasets for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Somayeh Ghanbarzadeh , Yan Huang , Hamid Palangi , Radames Cruz Moreno , Hamed Khanpour