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The introduction of transformer architecture was a turning point in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Models based on the transformer architecture such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Generative…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful but often too slow and costly for real-world use during inference. Looped transformers save on parameters by reusing the same weights for multiple computational steps, or "loops." However, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Bohong Wu , Mengzhao Chen , Xiang Luo , Shen Yan , Qifan Yu , Fan Xia , Tianqi Zhang , Hongrui Zhan , Zheng Zhong , Xun Zhou , Siyuan Qiao , Xingyan Bin

Real-world processes often generate data that are a mix of categorical and numeric values that are recorded at irregular and informative intervals. Discrete token-based approaches are limited in numeric representation capacity while methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Andrew J. Loza , Jun Yup Kim , Shangzheng Song , Yihang Liu , Joseph J. Y. Sung , R Andrew Taylor , Dennis L. Shung

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention in both the AI community and beyond. Among these, the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) has emerged as the dominant architecture, spawning numerous variants. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Junqi Yin , Avishek Bose , Guojing Cong , Isaac Lyngaas , Quentin Anthony

While large language models are primarily used on natural language tasks, they have also shown great promise when adapted to new modalities, e.g., for scientific machine learning tasks. Most proposed approaches for such cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Paloma García-de-Herreros , Philipp Slusallek , Dietrich Klakow , Vagrant Gautam

Efficient large-scale inference of transformer-based large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental systems challenge, frequently requiring multi-GPU parallelism to meet stringent latency and throughput targets. Conventional tensor…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chong Wang , Nan Du , Tom Gunter , Tao Lei , Kulin Seth , Senyu Tong , Jianyu Wang , Guoli Yin , Xiyou Zhou , Kelvin Zou , Ruoming Pang

This project, titled "Machine Translation with Large Language Models: Decoder-only vs. Encoder-Decoder," aims to develop a multilingual machine translation (MT) model. Focused on Indian regional languages, especially Telugu, Tamil, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Abhinav P. M. , SujayKumar Reddy M , Oswald Christopher

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), including GPT-4, provides exciting new opportunities for generative design. We investigate the application of this tool across the entire design and manufacturing workflow. Specifically, we…

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have transformed how we interact with and understand the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, the intersection of LLMs with the burgeoning field of Quantum Machine Learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Yidong Liao , Chris Ferrie

Transformers have attained outstanding performance across various modalities, owing to their simple but powerful scaled-dot-product (SDP) attention mechanisms. Researchers have attempted to migrate Transformers to graph learning, but most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Liheng Ma , Soumyasundar Pal , Yingxue Zhang , Philip H. S. Torr , Mark Coates

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) has created a critical need for techniques that enable efficient deployment on memory-constrained devices without compromising performance. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 James Seale Smith , Chi-Heng Lin , Shikhar Tuli , Haris Jeelani , Shangqian Gao , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Yen-Chang Hsu

There is enormous enthusiasm and concerns in using large language models (LLMs) in healthcare, yet current assumptions are all based on general-purpose LLMs such as ChatGPT. This study develops a clinical generative LLM, GatorTronGPT, using…

We present a decoder-only Transformer architecture that robustly generalizes to sequence lengths substantially longer than those seen during training. Our model, SWAN-GPT, interleaves layers without positional encodings (NoPE) and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of Natural Language Processing thanks to their ability to reuse knowledge acquired on massive text corpora on a wide variety of downstream tasks, with minimal (if any) tuning steps.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari

Both text-to-image generation and large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements. However, many text-to-image models still employ the somewhat outdated T5 and CLIP as their text encoders. In this work, we investigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Andrew Z. Wang , Songwei Ge , Tero Karras , Ming-Yu Liu , Yogesh Balaji

Attention based language models have become a critical component in state-of-the-art natural language processing systems. However, these models have significant computational requirements, due to long training times, dense operations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Ivan Chelombiev , Daniel Justus , Douglas Orr , Anastasia Dietrich , Frithjof Gressmann , Alexandros Koliousis , Carlo Luschi

Analyzing financial transactions is crucial for ensuring regulatory compliance, detecting fraud, and supporting decisions. The complexity of financial transaction data necessitates advanced techniques to extract meaningful insights and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Wanying Ding , Savinay Narendra , Xiran Shi , Adwait Ratnaparkhi , Chengrui Yang , Nikoo Sabzevar , Ziyan Yin

Many Transformer-based pre-trained models for code have been developed and applied to code-related tasks. In this paper, we review the existing literature, examine the suitability of model architectures for different tasks, and look at the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yan Xiao , Xinyue Zuo , Lei Xue , Kailong Wang , Jin Song Dong , Ivan Beschastnikh

Language is essentially a complex, intricate system of human expressions governed by grammatical rules. It poses a significant challenge to develop capable AI algorithms for comprehending and grasping a language. As a major approach,…