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Autonomous driving decision-making is one of the critical modules towards intelligent transportation systems, and how to evaluate the driving performance comprehensively and precisely is a crucial challenge. A biased evaluation misleads and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yuning Wang , Zehong Ke , Yanbo Jiang , Jinhao Li , Shaobing Xu , John M. Dolan , Jianqiang Wang

Learning-based approaches have achieved remarkable performance in the domain of autonomous driving. Leveraging the impressive ability of neural networks and large amounts of human driving data, complex patterns and rules of driving behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Bikun Wang , Zhipeng Wang , Chenhao Zhu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Zhichen Wang , Penghong Lin , Jingchu Liu , Qian Zhang

End-to-end autonomous driving is typically built upon imitation learning (IL), yet its performance is constrained by the quality of human demonstrations. To overcome this limitation, recent methods incorporate reinforcement learning (RL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhexi Lian , Haoran Wang , Xuerun Yan , Weimeng Lin , Xianhong Zhang , Yongyu Chen , Jia Hu

In autonomous driving, end-to-end planners directly utilize raw sensor data, enabling them to extract richer scene features and reduce information loss compared to traditional planners. This raises a crucial research question: how can we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yingyan Li , Lue Fan , Jiawei He , Yuqi Wang , Yuntao Chen , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Tieniu Tan

Motion prediction and cost evaluation are vital components in the decision-making system of autonomous vehicles. However, existing methods often ignore the importance of cost learning and treat them as separate modules. In this study, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zhiyu Huang , Peter Karkus , Boris Ivanovic , Yuxiao Chen , Marco Pavone , Chen Lv

Predicting the future states of surrounding traffic participants and planning a safe, smooth, and socially compliant trajectory accordingly is crucial for autonomous vehicles. There are two major issues with the current autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Zhiyu Huang , Haochen Liu , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

We present an end-to-end imitation learning system for agile, off-road autonomous driving using only low-cost sensors. By imitating a model predictive controller equipped with advanced sensors, we train a deep neural network control policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Yunpeng Pan , Ching-An Cheng , Kamil Saigol , Keuntaek Lee , Xinyan Yan , Evangelos Theodorou , Byron Boots

In this work, we present a lightweight pipeline for robust behavioral cloning of a human driver using end-to-end imitation learning. The proposed pipeline was employed to train and deploy three distinct driving behavior models onto a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Sivanathan Kandhasamy

Autonomous driving is a complex and challenging task that aims at safe motion planning through scene understanding and reasoning. While vision-only autonomous driving methods have recently achieved notable performance, through enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Chenbin Pan , Burhaneddin Yaman , Tommaso Nesti , Abhirup Mallik , Alessandro G Allievi , Senem Velipasalar , Liu Ren

In this paper, we propose a neural motion planner (NMP) for learning to drive autonomously in complex urban scenarios that include traffic-light handling, yielding, and interactions with multiple road-users. Towards this goal, we design a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wenyuan Zeng , Wenjie Luo , Simon Suo , Abbas Sadat , Bin Yang , Sergio Casas , Raquel Urtasun

Existing Vision-Language models (VLMs) estimate either long-term trajectory waypoints or a set of control actions as a reactive solution for closed-loop planning based on their rich scene comprehension. However, these estimations are coarse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Pranjal Paul , Anant Garg , Tushar Choudhary , Arun Kumar Singh , K. Madhava Krishna

Imitation learning provides a powerful framework for goal-conditioned visual navigation in mobile robots, enabling obstacle avoidance while respecting human preferences and social norms. However, its effectiveness depends critically on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yves Inglin , Jonas Frey , Changan Chen , Marco Hutter

Motion planning for autonomous driving (AD) faces a critical trade-off. While traditional rule-based pipelines offer verifiable safety and interpretability, they often fail to generalize in complex scenarios. Conversely, emerging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jia Hu , Yang Chang , Haoran Wang

Autonomous driving requires reasoning about interactions with surrounding traffic. A prevailing approach is large-scale imitation learning on expert driving datasets, aimed at generalizing across diverse real-world scenarios. For online…

Trajectory planning is a core task in autonomous driving, requiring the prediction of safe and comfortable paths across diverse scenarios. Integrating Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xidong Li , Mingyu Guo , Chenchao Xu , Bailin Li , Wenjing Zhu , Yangang Zou , Rui Chen , Zehuan Wang

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong capabilities for modeling human-like driving behaviors in autonomous driving, but their iterative sampling process induces substantial latency, and operating directly on raw trajectory points forces…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jinhao Zhang , Wenlong Xia , Zhexuan Zhou , Haoming Song , Youmin Gong , Jie Mei

Lead optimization in drug discovery requires efficiently navigating vast chemical space through iterative cycles to enhance molecular properties while preserving structural similarity to the original lead compound. Despite recent advances,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziqing Wang , Yibo Wen , William Pattie , Xiao Luo , Weimin Wu , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Abhishek Pandey , Han Liu , Kaize Ding

Simulators can generate virtually unlimited driving data, yet imitation learning policies in simulation still struggle to achieve robust closed-loop performance. Motivated by this gap, we empirically study how misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Long Nguyen , Micha Fauth , Bernhard Jaeger , Daniel Dauner , Maximilian Igl , Andreas Geiger , Kashyap Chitta

Model predictive control (MPC) is a powerful, optimization-based approach for controlling dynamical systems. However, the computational complexity of online optimization can be problematic on embedded devices. Especially, when we need to…

For imitation learning algorithms to scale to real-world challenges, they must handle high-dimensional observations, offline learning, and policy-induced covariate-shift. We propose DITTO, an offline imitation learning algorithm which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Branton DeMoss , Paul Duckworth , Jakob Foerster , Nick Hawes , Ingmar Posner