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We study the problem of computing a minimum $s$--$t$ cut in an unweighted, undirected graph via \emph{cut queries}. In this model, the input graph is accessed through an oracle that, given a subset of vertices $S \subseteq V$, returns the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yonggang Jiang , Danupon Nanongkai , Pachara Sawettamalya

We propose an exact algorithm for solving the longest simple path problem between two given vertices in undirected weighted graphs. By using graph partitioning and dynamic programming, we obtain an algorithm that is significantly faster…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Kai Fieger , Tomas Balyo , Christian Schulz , Dominik Schreiber

The textbook algorithm for real-weighted single-source shortest paths takes $O(m n)$ time on a graph with $m$ edges and $n$ vertices. The breakthrough algorithm by Fineman [Fin24] takes $\tilde{O}(m n^{8/9})$ randomized time. The running…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yufan Huang , Peter Jin , Kent Quanrud

The shortest path problem is a typical problem in graph theory with wide potential applications. The state-of-the-art single-source shortest paths algorithm on the weight graph is the $\Delta$-stepping algorithm, which can efficiently…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Yelai Feng

Given a directed, weighted graph $G=(V,E)$ undergoing edge insertions, the incremental single-source shortest paths (SSSP) problem asks for the maintenance of approximate distances from a dedicated source $s$ while optimizing the total time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Rasmus Kyng , Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

Every undirected graph $G$ has a (weighted) cut-equivalent tree $T$, commonly named after Gomory and Hu who discovered it in 1961. Both $T$ and $G$ have the same node set, and for every node pair $s,t$, the minimum $(s,t)$-cut in $T$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Amir Abboud , Robert Krauthgamer , Ohad Trabelsi

For a finite set $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs, the $\mathcal{F}$-Hitting problem aims to compute, for a given graph $G$ (taken from some graph class $\mathcal{G}$) of $n$ vertices (and $m$ edges) and a parameter $k\in\mathbb{N}$, a set $S$ of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Daniel Lokshtanov , Fahad Panolan , Saket Saurabh , Jie Xue , Meirav Zehavi

Vassilevska and Williams (STOC 2009) showed how to count simple paths on $k$ vertices and matchings on $k/2$ edges in an $n$-vertex graph in time $n^{k/2+O(1)}$. In the same year, two different algorithms with the same runtime were given by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-17 Andreas Björklund , Petteri Kaski , Łukasz Kowalik

In the pairwise weighted spanner problem, the input consists of an $n$-vertex-directed graph, where each edge is assigned a cost and a length. Given $k$ vertex pairs and a distance constraint for each pair, the goal is to find a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Elena Grigorescu , Nithish Kumar , Young-San Lin

We consider dynamic algorithms for maintaining Single-Source Reachability (SSR) and approximate Single-Source Shortest Paths (SSSP) on $n$-node $m$-edge directed graphs under edge deletions (decremental algorithms). The previous fastest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Monika Henzinger , Sebastian Krinninger , Danupon Nanongkai

It has been shown by Alon et al. that the so-called 'all-pairs shortest-path' problem can be solved in O((MV)^2.688 * log^3(V)) for graphs with V vertices, with integer distances bounded by M. We solve the more general problem for graphs in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-12-08 Julian J. McAuley , Tibério S. Caetano

In this paper we consider generalized flow problems where there is an $m$-edge $n$-node directed graph $G = (V,E)$ and each edge $e \in E$ has a loss factor $\gamma_e >0$ governing whether the flow is increased or decreased as it crosses…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shunhua Jiang , Michael Kapralov , Lawrence Li , Aaron Sidford

Computing a shortest path between two nodes in an undirected unweighted graph is among the most basic algorithmic tasks. Breadth first search solves this problem in linear time, which is clearly also a lower bound in the worst case.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Noga Alon , Allan Grønlund , Søren Fuglede Jørgensen , Kasper Green Larsen

Min-plus product of two $n\times n$ matrices is a fundamental problem in algorithm research. It is known to be equivalent to APSP, and in general it has no truly subcubic algorithms. In this paper, we focus on the min-plus product on a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Shucheng Chi , Ran Duan , Tianle Xie

Let G be an input graph with n vertices and m edges and let k be a fixed parameter. We provide a single exponential FPT algorithm with running time O(c^kn(n+m)), c= min {18,k} that turns graph G into an interval graph by deleting at most k…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Arash Rafiey

We give the first truly subquadratic time algorithm, with $O^*(n^{2-1/18})$ running time, for computing the diameter of an $n$-vertex unit-disk graph, resolving a central open problem in the literature. Our result is obtained as an instance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Timothy M. Chan , Hsien-Chih Chang , Jie Gao , Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Hung Le , Da Wei Zheng

Solving optimization problems leads to elegant and practical solutions in a wide variety of real-world applications. In many of those real-world applications, some of the information required to specify the relevant optimization problem is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Kritkorn Karntikoon , Yiheng Shen , Sreenivas Gollapudi , Kostas Kollias , Aaron Schild , Ali Sinop

We consider the problem of finding a maximum size triangle-free $2$-matching in a graph $G=(V,E)$. A (simple) $2$-matching is any subset of the edges such that each vertex is incident to at most two edges from the subset. The first…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Katarzyna Paluch

We consider the Shortest Odd Path problem, where given an undirected graph $G$, a weight function on its edges, and two vertices $s$ and $t$ in $G$, the aim is to find an $(s,t)$-path with odd length and, among all such paths, of minimum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Alpár Jüttner , Csaba Király , Lydia Mirabel Mendoza-Cadena , Gyula Pap , Ildikó Schlotter , Yutaro Yamaguchi

Finding diverse solutions in combinatorial problems recently has received considerable attention (Baste et al. 2020; Fomin et al. 2020; Hanaka et al. 2021). In this paper we study the following type of problems: given an integer $k$, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Kazuhiro Kurita , See Woo Lee , Yota Otachi