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In a spoofing attack, an attacker impersonates a legitimate user to access or tamper with data intended for or produced by the legitimate user. In wireless communication systems, these attacks may be detected by relying on features of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Daniel Romero , Peter Gerstoft , Hadi Givehchian , Dinesh Bharadia

Face Recognition (FR) systems are being used in a variety of applications, including road crossings, banking, and mobile banking. The widespread use of FR systems has raised concerns about the safety of face biometrics against spoofing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Soham S. Sarpotdar

Iris recognition, a relatively new biometric technology, has great advantages, such as variability, stability and security, thus is the most promising for high security environment. Iris recognition is proposed in this report. We describe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-03-05 Belhassen Akrout , Imen Khanfir Kallel , Chokri Ben Amar

The iris pattern has significantly improved the biometric recognition field due to its high level of stability and uniqueness. Such physical feature has played an important role in security and other related areas. However, presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Gabriela Y. Kimura , Diego R. Lucio , Alceu S. Britto , David Menotti

A spoof attack, a subset of presentation attacks, is the use of an artificial replica of a biometric in an attempt to circumvent a biometric sensor. Liveness detection, or presentation attack detection, distinguishes between live and fake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Luca Ghiani , David A. Yambay , Valerio Mura , Gian Luca Marcialis , Fabio Roli , Stephanie A. Schuckers

Eye movements play a vital role in perceiving the world. Eye gaze can give a direct indication of the users point of attention, which can be useful in improving human-computer interaction. Gaze estimation in a non-intrusive manner can make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Anjith George

Face spoofing causes severe security threats in face recognition systems. Previous anti-spoofing works focused on supervised techniques, typically with either binary or auxiliary supervision. Most of them suffer from limited robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Chengwei Chen , Wang Yuan , Xuequan Lu , Lizhuang Ma

Nowadays, the adoption of face recognition for biometric authentication systems is usual, mainly because this is one of the most accessible biometric modalities. Techniques that rely on trespassing these kind of systems by using a forged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Rodrigo Bresan , Allan Pinto , Anderson Rocha , Carlos Beluzo , Tiago Carvalho

Nowadays, the increasingly growing number of mobile and computing devices has led to a demand for safer user authentication systems. Face anti-spoofing is a measure towards this direction for bio-metric user authentication, and in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Suman Saha , Wenhao Xu , Menelaos Kanakis , Stamatios Georgoulis , Yuhua Chen , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool

Accurate face recognition techniques make a series of critical applications possible: policemen could employ it to retrieve criminals' faces from surveillance video streams; cross boarder travelers could pass a face authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Zhe Zhou , Di Tang , Xiaofeng Wang , Weili Han , Xiangyu Liu , Kehuan Zhang

Recent research on biometrics focuses on achieving a high success rate of authentication and addressing the concern of various spoofing attacks. Although hand geometry recognition provides adequate security over unauthorized access, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Asish Bera , Ratnadeep Dey , Debotosh Bhattacharjee , Mita Nasipuri , Hubert P. H. Shum

Face authentication usually utilizes deep learning models to verify users with high recognition accuracy. However, face authentication systems are vulnerable to various attacks that cheat the models by manipulating the digital counterparts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Man Zhou , Qian Wang , Qi Li , Peipei Jiang , Jingxiao Yang , Chao Shen , Cong Wang , Shouhong Ding

Using printed photograph and replaying videos of biometric modalities, such as iris, fingerprint and face, are common attacks to fool the recognition systems for granting access as the genuine user. With the growing online person-to-person…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Joel Stehouwer , Amin Jourabloo , Yaojie Liu , Xiaoming Liu

Iris recognition is widely used in high-security scenarios due to its stability and distinctiveness. However, iris images captured by different devices exhibit certain and device-related consistent differences, which has a greater impact on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Hang Zou , Chenxi Du , Ajian Liu , Yuan Zhang , Jing Liu , Mingchuan Yang , Jun Wan , Hui Zhang , Zhenan Sun

Biometric authentication systems are increasingly being deployed in critical applications, but they remain susceptible to spoofing. Since most of the research efforts focus on modality-specific anti-spoofing techniques, building a unified,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Nidheesh Gorthi , Kartik Thakral , Rishabh Ranjan , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa

Iris recognition technology, used to identify individuals by photographing the iris of their eye, has become popular in security applications because of its ease of use, accuracy, and safety in controlling access to high-security areas.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-07-05 Ujwalla Gawande , Mukesh Zaveri , Avichal Kapur

The recent emergence of ubiquitous, multi-platform eye tracking has raised user privacy concerns over re-identification across platforms, where a person is re-identified across multiple eye tracking-enabled platforms using personally…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Samantha Aziz , Oleg Komogortsev

Eye-tracking technology is being increasingly integrated into mixed reality devices. Although critical applications are being enabled, there are significant possibilities for violating user privacy expectations. We show that there is an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Brendan David-John , Diane Hosfelt , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain

DeepFakes pose a significant threat to our society. One representative DeepFake application is face-swapping, which replaces the identity in a facial image with that of a victim. Although existing methods partially mitigate these risks by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Li Wang , Zheng Li , Xuhong Zhang , Shouling Ji , Shanqing Guo

The malicious applications of deep forgery, represented by face swapping, have introduced security threats such as misinformation dissemination and identity fraud. While some research has proposed the use of robust watermarking methods to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yunming Zhang , Dengpan Ye , Caiyun Xie , Long Tang , Chuanxi Chen , Ziyi Liu , Jiacheng Deng