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We propose a reinforcement learning-based approach to optimize conversational strategies for product recommendation across diverse industries. As organizations increasingly adopt intelligent agents to support sales and service operations,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kang Liu

The inability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to modulate their personality expression in response to evolving dialogue dynamics hinders their performance in complex, interactive contexts. We propose a model-agnostic framework for dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Leon Pielage , Ole Hätscher , Mitja Back , Bernhard Marschall , Benjamin Risse

Incorporating personas information allows diverse and engaging responses in dialogue response generation. Unfortunately, prior works have primarily focused on self personas and have overlooked the value of partner personas. Moreover, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Hongyuan Lu , Wai Lam , Hong Cheng , Helen M. Meng

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in interactive systems necessitates a deep alignment with the nuanced and dynamic preferences of individual users. Current alignment techniques predominantly address universal human values or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xiaotian Zhang , Yuan Wang , Ruizhe Chen , Zeya Wang , Runchen Hou , Zuozhu Liu

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

This paper investigates a new task named Conversational Question Generation (CQG) which is to generate a question based on a passage and a conversation history (i.e., previous turns of question-answer pairs). CQG is a crucial task for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Boyuan Pan , Hao Li , Ziyu Yao , Deng Cai , Huan Sun

Recent advances in speech large language models (speech LLMs) have enabled seamless spoken interactions, but these systems still struggle with complex reasoning tasks. Previously, chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting or fine-tuning has been to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yi-Jen Shih , Desh Raj , Chunyang Wu , Wei Zhou , SK Bong , Yashesh Gaur , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli , Mike Seltzer

Information-seeking conversation systems are increasingly popular in real-world applications, especially for e-commerce companies. To retrieve appropriate responses for users, it is necessary to compute the matching degrees between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Haojie Pan , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Minghui Qiu , Liu Yang , Feng Ji , Jun Huang

Dialogue state trackers have made significant progress on benchmark datasets, but their generalization capability to novel and realistic scenarios beyond the held-out conversations is less understood. We propose controllable counterfactuals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Shiyang Li , Semih Yavuz , Kazuma Hashimoto , Jia Li , Tong Niu , Nazneen Rajani , Xifeng Yan , Yingbo Zhou , Caiming Xiong

Conversational recommender systems (CRSs) aim to provide recommendation services via natural language conversations. Although a number of approaches have been proposed for developing capable CRSs, they typically rely on sufficient training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xiaolei Wang , Kun Zhou , Xinyu Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Fan Pan , Zhao Cao , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent neural models of dialogue generation offer great promise for generating responses for conversational agents, but tend to be shortsighted, predicting utterances one at a time while ignoring their influence on future outcomes. Modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Alan Ritter , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Dan Jurafsky

A pressing issue in the adoption of AI models is the increasing demand for more human-centric explanations of their predictions. To advance towards more human-centric explanations, understanding how humans produce and select explanations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Marharyta Domnich , Raul Vicente

Recent studies have shown that prompting can enable large language models (LLMs) to simulate specific personality traits and produce behaviors that align with those traits. However, there is limited understanding of how these simulated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Nuo Chen , Hanpei Fang , Piaohong Wang , Jiqun Liu , Tetsuya Sakai , Xiao-Ming Wu

Paraphrasing re-expresses meaning to enhance applications like text simplification, machine translation, and question-answering. Specific paraphrase types facilitate accurate semantic analysis and robust language models. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Christopher Lee Lübbers

Language models (LMs) are pretrained to imitate internet text, including content that would violate human preferences if generated by an LM: falsehoods, offensive comments, personally identifiable information, low-quality or buggy code, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Tomasz Korbak , Kejian Shi , Angelica Chen , Rasika Bhalerao , Christopher L. Buckley , Jason Phang , Samuel R. Bowman , Ethan Perez

Large-language-model (LLM) agents excel at reactive dialogue but struggle with proactive, goal-driven interactions due to myopic decoding and costly planning. We introduce DialogXpert, which leverages a frozen LLM to propose a small,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Tazeek Bin Abdur Rakib , Ambuj Mehrish , Lay-Ki Soon , Wern Han Lim , Soujanya Poria

Collection of annotated dialogs for training task-oriented dialog systems have been one of the key bottlenecks in improving current models. While dialog response generation has been widely studied on the agent side, it is not evident if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Dustin Axman , Avik Ray , Shubham Garg , Jing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to achieve impressive results for many reasoning-based NLP tasks, suggesting a degree of deductive reasoning capability. However, it remains unclear to which extent LLMs, in both informal and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Fabian Hoppe , Filip Ilievski , Jan-Christoph Kalo

Human talkers often address listeners with language-comprehension challenges, such as hard-of-hearing or non-native adults, by globally slowing down their speech. However, it remains unclear whether this strategy actually makes speech more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Paige Tuttösí , Angelica Lim , H. Henny Yeung , Yue Wang , Jean-Julien Aucouturier

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable text comprehension and generation capabilities but often lack the ability to utilize up-to-date or domain-specific knowledge not included in their training data. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bo Zhang , Hui Ma , Dailin Li , Jian Ding , Jian Wang , Bo Xu , HongFei Lin