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This work introduces a complexity measure which addresses some conflicting issues between existing ones by using a new principle - measuring the average amount of symmetry broken by an object. It attributes low (although different)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-26 Roberto C. Alamino

We study the problem of automatically computing the time complexity of concurrent object-oriented programs. To determine this complexity we use intermediate abstract descriptions that record relevant information for the time analysis (cost…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-11-17 Elena Giachino , Einar Broch Johnsen , Cosimo Laneve , Ka I Pun

The linear complexity of a sequence has been used as an important measure of keystream strength, hence designing a sequence which possesses high linear complexity and $k$-error linear complexity is a hot topic in cryptography and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-09-22 Jianqin Zhou

The complexity of a graph is the number of its labeled spanning trees. In this work complexity is studied in settings that admit regular graphs. An exact formula is established linking complexity of the complement of a regular graph to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Gregory P Constantine , Gregory Magda

A permutation of the elements of a graph is a {\it construction sequence} if no edge is listed before either of its endpoints. The complexity of such a sequence is investigated by finding the delay in placing the edges, an {\it opportunity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Jeffrey Gao , Paul C. Kainen

We consider the number of Bowen sets which are necessary to cover a large measure subset of the phase space. This introduce some complexity indicator characterizing different kind of (weakly) chaotic dynamics. Since in many systems its…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-26 S. Galatolo

We construct automata with input(s) in base $k$ recognizing some basic relations and study their number of states. We also consider some basic operations on $k$-automatic sequences $(h(i))_{i \geq 0}$ and discuss their state complexity. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Delaram Moradi , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

The autocorrelation values of two classes of binary sequences are shown to be good in [6]. We study the 2-adic complexity of these sequences. Our results show that the 2-adic complexity of such sequences is large enough to resist the attack…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Shiyuan Qiang , Xiaoyan Jing , Minghui Yang

We consider the $k$-error linear complexity of a new binary sequence of period $p^2$, proposed in the recent paper "New generalized cyclotomic binary sequences of period $p^2$", by Z. Xiao et al., who calculated the linear complexity of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Chenhuang Wu , Chunxiang Xu , Zhixiong Chen , Pinhui Ke

Since the introduction of the Kolmogorov complexity of binary sequences in the 1960s, there have been significant advancements in the topic of complexity measures for randomness assessment, which are of fundamental importance in theoretical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chunlei Li

The horizontal visibility algorithm has been recently introduced as a mapping between time series and networks. The challenge lies in characterizing the structure of time series (and the processes that generated those series) using the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-12-21 Angel M. Núñez , Lucas Lacasa , Eusebio Valero , Jose Patricio Gómez , Bartolo Luque

We describe an alternative method (to compression) that combines several theoretical and experimental results to numerically approximate the algorithmic (Kolmogorov-Chaitin) complexity of all $\sum_{n=1}^82^n$ bit strings up to 8 bits long,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Jean-Paul Delahaye , Hector Zenil

In contrast to entropy, which increases monotonically, the "complexity" or "interestingness" of closed systems seems intuitively to increase at first and then decrease as equilibrium is approached. For example, our universe lacked complex…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-05-28 Scott Aaronson , Sean M. Carroll , Lauren Ouellette

Complexity is a multi-faceted phenomenon, involving a variety of features including disorder, nonlinearity, and self-organisation. We use a recently developed rigorous framework for complexity to understand measures of complexity. We…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-09-22 Karoline Wiesner , James Ladyman

Following Inoue et al., we define a word to be a repetition if it is a (fractional) power of exponent at least 2. A word has a repetition factorization if it is the product of repetitions. We study repetition factorizations in several…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jeffrey Shallit , Xinhao Xu

We introduce and discuss the notion of monotonicity for the complexity measures of general probability distributions, patterned after the resource theory of quantum entanglement. Then, we explore whether this property is satisfied by the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-01-20 Łukasz Rudnicki , Irene V. Toranzo , Pablo Sanchez-Moreno , Jesus S. Dehesa

We obtain an index of the complexity of a random sequence by allowing the role of the measure in classical probability theory to be played by a function we call the generating mechanism. Typically, this generating mechanism will be a finite…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2008-12-11 Finn Macleod , James Gleeson

Since human randomness production has been studied and widely used to assess executive functions (especially inhibition), many measures have been suggested to assess the degree to which a sequence is random-like. However, each of them…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-12-10 Nicolas Gauvrit , Hector Zenil , Jean-Paul Delahaye , Fernando Soler-Toscano

Introduced the quantitative measure of the structural complexity of the graph (complex network, etc.) based on a procedure similar to the renormalization process, considering the difference between actual and averaged graph structures on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-05 A. A. Snarskii

We consider the complexities of substitutive sequences over a binary alphabet. By studying various types of special words, we show that, knowing some initial values, its complexity can be completely formulated via a recurrence formula…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-16 Bo Tan , Zhi-Xiong Wen , Yiping Zhang