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This paper investigates whether two independent Elephant Random Walks (ERWs) on $\mathbb{Z}$, each with a different memory parameter, can meet infinitely often, extending the work of Roy, Takei, and Tanemura. We also study the asymptotic…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Shuhei Shibata , Tomoyuki Shirai

In this paper, we study the number of moves in a multidimensional elephant random walk with stops. We establish several convergence results for the number of moves, including the law of large numbers and the law of iterated logarithm. Using…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Shyan Ghosh , Manisha Dhillon , Kuldeep Kumar Kataria

We consider a two-elephant walking model in which the elephants interact dynamically. At each time step, each elephant determines its next move randomly based on its partner's past movements. We show that the asymptotic behavior of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Rafik Aguech , Shuo Qin

We prove a conjecture by Bertoin that the multi-dimensional elephant random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^d$($d\geq 3$) is transient and the expected number of zeros is finite. We also provide some estimates on the rate of escape. In dimensions $d=…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Shuo Qin

We study the limiting behaviors of a generalized elephant random walk on the integer lattice. This random walk is defined by using two sequences of parameters expressing the memory at each step from the whole past and the drift of each step…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Yuichi Shiozawa

In this paper, we introduce a variation of the elephant random walk whose steps are polynomially decaying. At each time $k$, the walker's step size is $k^{-\gamma}$ with $\gamma>0$. We investigate effects of the step size exponent $\gamma$…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Yuzaburo Nakano

We study how memory impacts passages at the origin for a so-called elephant random walk in the diffusive regime. We observe that the number of zeros always grows asymptotically like the square root of the time, despite the fact that,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-07 Jean Bertoin

In this report, we introduce the elephant random walk on the triangular lattice over $R^2$ incorporating directions by extending the model developed in \cite{baur2016elephant}. We study the behavior of the walk by finding the appropriate…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Rohit Chaudhuri

In this work we study asymptotic properties of a long range memory random walk known as elephant random walk. First we prove recurrence and positive recurrence for the elephant random walk. Then, we establish the transience regime of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Cristian F. Coletti , Ioannis Papageorgiou

In the classical simple random walk the steps are independent, viz., the walker has no memory. In contrast, in the elephant random walk which was introduced by Sch\"utz and Trimper in 2004, the walker remembers the whole past, and the next…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Allan Gut , Ulrich Stadtmüller

In the simple random walk the steps are independent, whereas in the Elephant Random Walk (ERW), which was introduced by Sch\"utz and Trimper in 2004, the next step always depends on the whole path so far. In an earlier paper we investigated…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Allan Gut , Ulrich Stadtmüller

Elephant random walks were studied recently in \cite{mukherjee2025elephant} on the groups $\mathbb{Z}^{*d_1} * \mathbb{Z}_2^{*d_2}$ whose Cayley graphs are infinite $d$-regular trees with $d = 2d_1 + d_2$. It was found that for $d \ge 3$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Himasish Talukdar

In the simple random walk the steps are independent, viz., the walker has no memory. In contrast, in the Elephant random walk(ERW), which was introduced by Schuetz and Trimper in 2004, the next step always depends on the whole path so far.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Allan Gut , Ulrich Stadtmüller

The purpose of this paper is to establish, via a martingale approach, some refinements on the asymptotic behavior of the one-dimensional elephant random walk (ERW). The asymptotic behavior of the ERW mainly depends on a memory parameter $p$…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Bernard Bercu

We introduce a generalisation of Sch\"{u}tz and Trimper's elephant random walk to finitely generated groups. We focus on the simplest non-abelian setting, i.e. groups whose Cayley graphs are homogeneous trees of degree $d \ge 3$. We show…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee

Elephant random walk is a special type of random walk that incorporates the memory of the past to determine its future steps. The probability of this walk taking a particular step (+1 or -1) at a time point, conditioned on the entire…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Krishanu Maulik , Parthanil Roy , Tamojit Sadhukhan

In this note, we study a family of polynomials that appear naturally when analysing the characteristic functions of the one-dimensional elephant random walk. These polynomials depend on a memory parameter $p$ attached to the model. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-19 Hélène Guérin , Lucile Laulin , Kilian Raschel

We introduce an original way to estimate the memory parameter of the elephant random walk, a fascinating discrete time random walk on integers having a complete memory of its entire history. Our estimator is nothing more than a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Bernard Bercu , Lucile Laulin

The set of visited sites and the number of visited sites are two basic properties of the random walk trajectory. We consider two independent random walks on a hyper-cubic lattice and study ordering probabilities associated with these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 E. Ben-Naim , P. L. Krapivsky

We consider in this article an Elephant Random Walk evolving in the plane. Specifically, this is a reinforced stochastic process in which the $n$th step is given by a random rotation of one of the previous steps chosen uniformly at random.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucile Laulin , Bastien Mallein
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