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Enabling effective brain-computer interfaces requires understanding how the human brain encodes stimuli across modalities such as visual, language (or text), etc. Brain encoding aims at constructing fMRI brain activity given a stimulus.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Subba Reddy Oota , Jashn Arora , Vijay Rowtula , Manish Gupta , Raju S. Bapi

Human brain is continuously inundated with the multisensory information and their complex interactions coming from the outside world at any given moment. Such information is automatically analyzed by binding or segregating in our brain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Arda Senocak , Junsik Kim , Tae-Hyun Oh , Hyeonggon Ryu , Dingzeyu Li , In So Kweon

Reconstructing visual stimulus (image) only from human brain activity measured with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a significant and meaningful task in Human-AI collaboration. However, the inconsistent distribution and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Ziqi Ren , Jie Li , Xuetong Xue , Xin Li , Fan Yang , Zhicheng Jiao , Xinbo Gao

Image-to-fMRI encoding is important for both neuroscience research and practical applications. However, such "Brain-Encoders" have been typically trained per-subject and per fMRI-dataset, thus restricted to very limited training data. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Roman Beliy , Navve Wasserman , Amit Zalcher , Michal Irani

Recent work has demonstrated that complex visual stimuli can be decoded from human brain activity using deep generative models, offering new ways to probe how the brain represents real-world scenes. However, many existing approaches first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Pinyuan Feng , Hossein Adeli , Wenxuan Guo , Fan Cheng , Ethan Hwang , Nikolaus Kriegeskorte

Deep neural networks have been developed drawing inspiration from the brain visual pathway, implementing an end-to-end approach: from image data to video object classes. However building an fMRI decoder with the typical structure of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-10 Michele Svanera , Sergio Benini , Gal Raz , Talma Hendler , Rainer Goebel , Giancarlo Valente

Decoding visual stimuli from neural recordings is a critical challenge in the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although recent EEG-based decoding approaches have made progress in tasks such as visual classification,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dongyang Li , Haoyang Qin , Mingyang Wu , Jiahua Tang , Yuang Cao , Chen Wei , Quanying Liu

Visual neural decoding aims to extract and interpret original visual experiences directly from human brain activity. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of decoding visual semantic categories from electroencephalography (EEG)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hongzhou Chen , Lianghua He , Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Shaohua Shang , MengChu Zhou

As a technology to read brain states from measurable brain activities, brain decoding are widely applied in industries and medical sciences. In spite of high demands in these applications for a universal decoder that can be applied to all…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-02-03 Sotetsu Koyamada , Yumi Shikauchi , Ken Nakae , Masanori Koyama , Shin Ishii

Cross-subject visual decoding aims to reconstruct visual experiences from brain activity across individuals, enabling more scalable and practical brain-computer interfaces. However, existing methods often suffer from degraded performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shumeng Li , Jintao Guo , Jian Zhang , Yulin Zhou , Luyang Cao , Yinghuan Shi

The connection between brain activity and corresponding visual stimuli is crucial in comprehending the human brain. While deep generative models have exhibited advancement in recovering brain recordings by generating images conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xuelin Qian , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun , Xiangyang Xue , Jianfeng Feng

Decoding visual stimuli from neural responses recorded by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) presents an intriguing intersection between cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, promising advancements in understanding human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingyuan Sun , Mingxiao Li , Zijiao Chen , Yunhao Zhang , Shaonan Wang , Marie-Francine Moens

Investigating the mapping between visual stimuli and neural responses in the visual cortex contributes to a deeper understanding of biological visual processing mechanisms. Most existing studies characterize this mapping by training models…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xing Gao , Dazhong Rong , Qinming He

Reconstructing perceived images from human brain activity forms a crucial link between human and machine learning through Brain-Computer Interfaces. Early methods primarily focused on training separate models for each individual to account…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Zhibo Tian , Ruijie Quan , Fan Ma , Kun Zhan , Yi Yang

Previous studies have shown that it is possible to map brain activation data of subjects viewing images onto the feature representation space of not only vision models (modality-specific decoding) but also language models (cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Mitja Nikolaus , Milad Mozafari , Nicholas Asher , Leila Reddy , Rufin VanRullen

Neural visual decoding is a central problem in brain computer interface research, aiming to reconstruct human visual perception and to elucidate the structure of neural representations. However, existing approaches overlook a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yang Du , Siyuan Dai , Yonghao Song , Paul M. Thompson , Haoteng Tang , Liang Zhan

Recent studies suggest that transformer-based vision-language models (VLMs) capture the multimodality of concept processing in the human brain. However, a systematic evaluation exploring different types of VLM architectures and the role…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Anna Bavaresco , Marianne de Heer Kloots , Sandro Pezzelle , Raquel Fernández

Many vision-language models (VLMs) that prove very effective at a range of multimodal task, build on CLIP-based vision encoders, which are known to have various limitations. We investigate the hypothesis that the strong language backbone in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sho Takishita , Jay Gala , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Kentaro Inui , Yova Kementchedjhieva

As a concrete application of multi-view learning, multi-view classification improves the traditional classification methods significantly by integrating various views optimally. Although most of the previous efforts have been demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Jinglin Xu , Wenbin Li , Jiantao Shen , Xinwang Liu , Peicheng Zhou , Xiangsen Zhang , Xiwen Yao , Junwei Han

Vision-language models (VLMs) are typically composed of a vision encoder, e.g. CLIP, and a language model (LM) that interprets the encoded features to solve downstream tasks. Despite remarkable progress, VLMs are subject to several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , Alessio Tonioni , Petra Poklukar , Achin Kulshrestha , Amir Zamir , Federico Tombari