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Related papers: Stronger Random Baselines for In-Context Learning

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While random demonstration labels barely hurt in-context learning (Min et al., 2022), we show that homogeneous labels--even semantically valid ones--collapse accuracy to <=12% across six models (Pythia, Llama, Qwen; 0.8B--8B) and four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ming Liu

Large Language Models are expressive tools that enable complex tasks of text understanding within Computational Social Science. Their versatility, while beneficial, poses a barrier for establishing standardized best practices within the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Anders Giovanni Møller , Luca Maria Aiello

Dropout has been demonstrated as a simple and effective module to not only regularize the training process of deep neural networks, but also provide the uncertainty estimation for prediction. However, the quality of uncertainty estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Xinjie Fan , Shujian Zhang , Korawat Tanwisuth , Xiaoning Qian , Mingyuan Zhou

BIG-Bench (Srivastava et al., 2022) is a diverse evaluation suite that focuses on tasks believed to be beyond the capabilities of current language models. Language models have already made good progress on this benchmark, with the best…

This article studies the achievable guarantees on the error rates of certain learning algorithms, with particular focus on refining logarithmic factors. Many of the results are based on a general technique for obtaining bounds on the error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Steve Hanneke

Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results in tabular data generation. However, existing approaches require fine-tuning, which is computationally expensive. This paper explores an alternative: prompting a fixed LLM with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Liancheng Fang , Aiwei Liu , Hengrui Zhang , Henry Peng Zou , Weizhi Zhang , Philip S. Yu

While LLMs have revolutionized the field of machine learning due to their high performance on a strikingly wide range of problems, they are also known to hallucinate false answers and underperform on less canonical versions of the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kavi Gupta , Kate Sanders , Armando Solar-Lezama

The cost of annotating transcriptions for large speech corpora becomes a bottleneck to maximally enjoy the potential capacity of deep neural network-based automatic speech recognition models. In this paper, we present a new training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Jihwan Bang , Heesu Kim , YoungJoon Yoo , Jung-Woo Ha

Instruction-tuning language models has become a crucial step in aligning them for general use. Typically, this process involves extensive training on large datasets, incurring high training costs. In this paper, we introduce a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Dheeraj Mekala , Alex Nguyen , Jingbo Shang

Scaling large language models (LLMs) leads to an emergent capacity to learn in-context from example demonstrations. Despite progress, theoretical understanding of this phenomenon remains limited. We argue that in-context learning relies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Michael Hahn , Navin Goyal

LLM (large language model) practitioners commonly notice that outputs can vary for the same inputs under settings expected to be deterministic. Yet the questions of how pervasive this is, and with what impact on results, have not to our…

Many natural language processing applications use language models to generate text. These models are typically trained to predict the next word in a sequence, given the previous words and some context such as an image. However, at test time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Sumit Chopra , Michael Auli , Wojciech Zaremba

Recent research has reported a performance degradation in self-supervised contrastive learning for specially designed efficient networks, such as MobileNet and EfficientNet. A common practice to address this problem is to introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Wenye Lin , Yifeng Ding , Zhixiong Cao , Hai-tao Zheng

Alignment has quickly become a default ingredient in LLM development, with techniques such as reinforcement learning from human feedback making models act safely, follow instructions, and perform ever-better on complex tasks. While these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Peter West , Christopher Potts

We propose and investigate probabilistic guarantees for the adversarial robustness of classification algorithms. While traditional formal verification approaches for robustness are intractable and sampling-based approaches do not provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peter Blohm , Patrick Indri , Thomas Gärtner , Sagar Malhotra

The recent years have seen a revival of interest in textual entailment, sparked by i) the emergence of powerful deep neural network learners for natural language processing and ii) the timely development of large-scale evaluation datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Željko Agić , Natalie Schluter

Foundational image-language models have generated considerable interest due to their efficient adaptation to downstream tasks by prompt learning. Prompt learning treats part of the language model input as trainable while freezing the rest,…

Large datasets in NLP suffer from noisy labels, due to erroneous automatic and human annotation procedures. We study the problem of text classification with label noise, and aim to capture this noise through an auxiliary noise model over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Siddhant Garg , Goutham Ramakrishnan , Varun Thumbe

The predominant challenge in weakly supervised semantic parsing is that of spurious programs that evaluate to correct answers for the wrong reasons. Prior work uses elaborate search strategies to mitigate the prevalence of spurious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Nitish Gupta , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner

Language models built using semi-supervised machine learning on large corpora of natural language have very quickly enveloped the fields of natural language generation and understanding. In this paper we apply a zero-shot approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Darren Abramson , Ali Emami