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Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency in human-level reasoning and generation capabilities, which encourages extensive research on their application in mathematical problem solving. However, current work has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jiahui Gao , Renjie Pi , Jipeng Zhang , Jiacheng Ye , Wanjun Zhong , Yufei Wang , Lanqing Hong , Jianhua Han , Hang Xu , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Large language models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been proven to excel at multiple tasks, such as commonsense reasoning. Powerful as these models can be, they are not grounded in the 3D physical world, which involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yining Hong , Haoyu Zhen , Peihao Chen , Shuhong Zheng , Yilun Du , Zhenfang Chen , Chuang Gan

The application of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in remote sensing (RS) image understanding has achieved notable progress, demonstrating the basic ability to recognize and describe geographical entities. However, existing RS-VLMs are mostly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xianzhi Ma , Jianhui Li , Changhua Pei , Hao Liu

With the advancement of Large Language Model (LLM) for natural language processing, this paper presents an intriguing finding: a frozen pre-trained LLM layer can process visual tokens for medical image segmentation tasks. Specifically, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Fenghe Tang , Wenxin Ma , Zhiyang He , Xiaodong Tao , Zihang Jiang , S. Kevin Zhou

Contemporary Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on a wide range of tasks by pairing a vision encoder with a pre-trained language model, fine-tuned for visual-text inputs. Yet despite these gains, it remains unclear how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lachin Naghashyar , Hunar Batra , Ashkan Khakzar , Philip Torr , Ronald Clark , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Constantin Venhoff

The development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is striving to catch up with the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it faces more challenges to be resolved. Very recent works enable LVLMs to localize object-level visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhipeng Huang , Zhizheng Zhang , Zheng-Jun Zha , Yan Lu , Baining Guo

To utilize visual information, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the perception process of its vision encoder. The completeness and accuracy of visual perception significantly influence the precision of spatial reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Runpeng Yu , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

This paper presents VideoLoom, a unified Video Large Language Model (Video LLM) for joint spatial-temporal understanding. To facilitate the development of fine-grained spatial and temporal localization capabilities, we curate LoomData-8.7k,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jiapeng Shi , Junke Wang , Zuyao You , Bo He , Zuxuan Wu

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable vision-language capabilities, primarily due to the exceptional in-context understanding and multi-task learning strengths of large language models (LLMs). The advent of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Jianing Li , Xi Nan , Ming Lu , Li Du , Shanghang Zhang

In the rapidly evolving landscape of AI research and application, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a transformative force, adept at interpreting and integrating information from diverse modalities such as text,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Abdur Rahman , Rajat Chawla , Muskaan Kumar , Arkajit Datta , Adarsh Jha , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Evaluating and Rethinking the current landscape of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), we observe that widely-used visual-language projection approaches (e.g., Q-former or MLP) focus on the alignment of image-text descriptions yet ignore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Baotian Hu , Haoyuan Shi , Min Zhang

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in 2D visual understanding, their ability to reason about 3D space remains limited. To address this gap, we introduce geometrically referenced 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiangye Yuan , Gowri Kumar , Baoyuan Wang

Vision language models (VLMs) have experienced rapid advancements through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with image-text pairs, yet they struggle with detailed regional visual understanding due to limited spatial awareness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qiushan Guo , Shalini De Mello , Hongxu Yin , Wonmin Byeon , Ka Chun Cheung , Yizhou Yu , Ping Luo , Sifei Liu

Recently, large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved significant advancements. When dealing with high-resolution images, dominant LMMs typically divide them into multiple local images and a global image, leading to a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zhibin Lan , Liqiang Niu , Fandong Meng , Wenbo Li , Jie Zhou , Jinsong Su

To fully leverage the capabilities of mobile manipulation robots, it is imperative that they are able to autonomously execute long-horizon tasks in large unexplored environments. While large language models (LLMs) have shown emergent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Daniel Honerkamp , Martin Büchner , Fabien Despinoy , Tim Welschehold , Abhinav Valada

Cross-View Geo-Localization (CVGL) focuses on identifying correspondences between images captured from distinct perspectives of the same geographical location. However, existing CVGL approaches are typically restricted to a single view or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xudong Lu , Zhi Zheng , Yi Wan , Yongxiang Yao , Annan Wang , Renrui Zhang , Panwang Xia , Qiong Wu , Qingyun Li , Weifeng Lin , Xiangyu Zhao , Peifeng Ma , Xue Yang , Hongsheng Li

Despite interpretability work analyzing VIT encoders and transformer activations, we don't yet understand why Multimodal Language Models (MLMs) struggle on perception-heavy tasks. We offer an under-studied perspective by examining how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Benlin Liu , Amita Kamath , Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Winson Han , Ranjay Krishna

Recently, researchers have attempted to investigate the capability of LLMs in handling videos and proposed several video LLM models. However, the ability of LLMs to handle video grounding (VG), which is an important time-related video task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Wei Feng , Xin Wang , Hong Chen , Zeyang Zhang , Houlun Chen , Zihan Song , Yuwei Zhou , Yuekui Yang , Haiyang Wu , Wenwu Zhu

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi