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The top-k classification accuracy is one of the core metrics in machine learning. Here, k is conventionally a positive integer, such as 1 or 5, leading to top-1 or top-5 training objectives. In this work, we relax this assumption and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Felix Petersen , Hilde Kuehne , Christian Borgelt , Oliver Deussen

Classification on imbalanced datasets is a challenging task in real-world applications. Training conventional classification algorithms directly by minimizing classification error in this scenario can compromise model performance for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Xiangrui Li , Dongxiao Zhu

I introduce two novel loss functions for classification in deep learning. The two loss functions extend standard cross entropy loss by regularizing it with minimum entropy and Kullback-Leibler (K-L) divergence terms. The first of the two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Abdulrahman Oladipupo Ibraheem

Neural networks can be trained to solve regression problems by using gradient-based methods to minimize the square loss. However, practitioners often prefer to reformulate regression as a classification problem, observing that training on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Lawrence Stewart , Francis Bach , Quentin Berthet , Jean-Philippe Vert

We present observations and discussion of previously unreported phenomena discovered while training residual networks. The goal of this work is to better understand the nature of neural networks through the examination of these new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-15 Leslie N. Smith , Nicholay Topin

Modern neural architectures for classification tasks are trained using the cross-entropy loss, which is widely believed to be empirically superior to the square loss. In this work we provide evidence indicating that this belief may not be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Like Hui , Mikhail Belkin

We explore a data-driven approach for learning to optimize neural networks. We construct a dataset of neural network checkpoints and train a generative model on the parameters. In particular, our model is a conditional diffusion transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 William Peebles , Ilija Radosavovic , Tim Brooks , Alexei A. Efros , Jitendra Malik

While effective in recommendation tasks, collaborative filtering (CF) techniques face the challenge of data sparsity. Researchers have begun leveraging contrastive learning to introduce additional self-supervised signals to address this.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Peijie Sun , Le Wu , Kun Zhang , Xiangzhi Chen , Meng Wang

For a long time, designing neural architectures that exhibit high performance was considered a dark art that required expert hand-tuning. One of the few well-known guidelines for architecture design is the avoidance of exploding gradients,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 George Philipp , Jaime G. Carbonell

Most state-of-the-art machine learning techniques revolve around the optimisation of loss functions. Defining appropriate loss functions is therefore critical to successfully solving problems in this field. In this survey, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Lorenzo Ciampiconi , Adam Elwood , Marco Leonardi , Ashraf Mohamed , Alessandro Rozza

We propose Hellinger-type loss functions for training Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), motivated by the boundedness, symmetry, and robustness properties of the Hellinger distance. We define an adversarial objective based on this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-16 Giovanni Saraceno , Anand N. Vidyashankar , Claudio Agostinelli

Robust loss functions are crucial for training deep neural networks in the presence of label noise, yet existing approaches require extensive, dataset-specific hyperparameter tuning. In this work, we introduce Fractional Classification Loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Mert Can Kurucu , Tufan Kumbasar , İbrahim Eksin , Müjde Güzelkaya

Generative language models are usually pretrained on large text corpus via predicting the next token (i.e., sub-word/word/phrase) given the previous ones. Recent works have demonstrated the impressive performance of large generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhenpeng Su , Xing Wu , Xue Bai , Zijia Lin , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu

The loss function is crucial to machine learning, especially in supervised learning frameworks. It is a fundamental component that controls the behavior and general efficacy of learning algorithms. However, despite their widespread use,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Soumi Mahato , Lineesh M. C

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged as a powerful tool for generating high-fidelity data. However, the main bottleneck of existing approaches is the lack of supervision on the generator training, which often results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Baoren Xiao , Hao Ni , Weixin Yang

A promising direction in deep learning research consists in learning representations and simultaneously discovering cluster structure in unlabeled data by optimizing a discriminative loss function. As opposed to supervised deep learning,…

We empirically investigate the (negative) expected accuracy as an alternative loss function to cross entropy (negative log likelihood) for classification tasks. Coupled with softmax activation, it has small derivatives over most of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Ozan İrsoy

The logcosh loss function for neural networks has been developed to combine the advantage of the absolute error loss function of not overweighting outliers with the advantage of the mean square error of continuous derivative near the mean,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Thilo Moshagen , Nihal Acharya Adde , Ajay Navilarekal Rajgopal

In response to the growing importance of geospatial data, its analysis including semantic segmentation becomes an increasingly popular task in computer vision today. Convolutional neural networks are powerful visual models that yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Alexey Bokhovkin , Evgeny Burnaev

Most recent semantic segmentation methods train deep convolutional neural networks with fully annotated masks requiring pixel-accuracy for good quality training. Common weakly-supervised approaches generate full masks from partial input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Meng Tang , Abdelaziz Djelouah , Federico Perazzi , Yuri Boykov , Christopher Schroers