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Spatial embodied intelligence requires agents to act to acquire information under partial observability. While multimodal foundation models excel at passive perception, their capacity for active, self-directed exploration remains…

Any complete theory of physical reality must allow for the ubiquitous phenomenon of subjective experience at some level, or risk being conceptually incoherent. However, as long as the ontological status of subjectivity itself remains…

General Physics · Physics 2007-12-19 Sean Lee

We present Dynamic Epistemic Temporal Logic, a framework for reasoning about operations on multi-agent Kripke models that contain a designated temporal relation. These operations are natural extensions of the well-known "action models" from…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Bryan Renne , Joshua Sack , Audrey Yap

The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to assess whether the construct of neural representations plays an explanatory role under the variational free-energy principle and its corollary process theory, active inference; and (2) if so, to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-19 Maxwell Ramstead , Karl Friston , Ines Hipolito

Materials with unusual optical properties are central to advanced control of light. Yet, in nature, such materials may be exceedingly rare and often difficult to obtain. To overcome this limitation, here we introduce the concept of temporal…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-19 Grigorii Ptitcyn , Diego M. Solís , M. S. Mirmoosa , Nader Engheta

The interevent time of terrorism attack events is investigated by empirical data and model analysis. Empirical evidence shows it follows a scale-free property. In order to understand the dynamic mechanism of such statistic feature, an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-15 Jun-Fang Zhu , Xiao-Pu Han , Bing-Hong Wang

We report short-term memory formation in a nonlinear dynamical system with many degrees of freedom. The system ``remembers'' a sequence of impulses for a transient period, but it coarsens and eventually ``forgets'' nearly all of them. The…

Historically, rational choice theory has focused on the utility maximization principle to describe how individuals make choices. In reality, there is a computational cost related to exploring the universe of available choices and it is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-24 José Moran , Antoine Fosset , Davide Luzzati , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Michael Benzaquen

The concept of time mostly plays a subordinate role in finance and economics. The assumption is that time flows continuously and that time series data should be analyzed at regular, equidistant intervals. Nonetheless, already nearly 60…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-12 James B. Glattfelder , Richard B. Olsen

Discrete temporal transitions occur in a variety of domains, but this work is mainly motivated by applications in molecular biology: explaining and analyzing observed transcriptome and proteome time series by literature and database…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-09-18 Johannes Wollbold

Because organisms are able to sense its passage, it is perhaps tempting to treat time as a sensory modality, akin to vision or audition. Indeed, certain features of sensory estimation, such as Weber's law, apply to timing and sensation…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-01 Caroline Haimerl , Filipe S. Rodrigues , Joseph J. Paton

Animals exploit time to survive in the world. Temporal information is required for higher-level cognitive abilities such as planning, decision making, communication, and effective cooperation. Since time is an inseparable part of cognition,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Hamit Basgol , Inci Ayhan , Emre Ugur

The counterintuitive emergence of order from noise is a central phenomenon in science, ranging from pattern formation and synchronization to order-by-disorder in frustrated systems. While large-scale spatial self-organization induced by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-02 Satyam Anand , Guanming Zhang , Stefano Martiniani

We present a different approach to developing a concept of time for specifying temporality in the conceptual modeling of software and database systems. In the database field, various proposals and products address temporal data. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Sabah Al-Fedaghi

Attractor dynamics are a hallmark of many complex systems, including the brain. Understanding how such self-organizing dynamics emerge from first principles is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuronal computations and the design…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-22 Tamas Spisak , Karl Friston

The deep connection between entropy and information is discussed in terms of both classical and quantum physics. The mechanism of information transfer between systems via entanglement is explored in the context of decoherence theory. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Martin Paul Vaughan

Reasoning at multiple levels of temporal abstraction is one of the key attributes of intelligence. In reinforcement learning, this is often modeled through temporally extended courses of actions called options. Options allow agents to make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Marlos C. Machado , Andre Barreto , Doina Precup , Michael Bowling

There is a consensus that human and non-human subjects experience temporal distortions in many stages of their perceptual and decision-making systems. Similarly, intertemporal choice research has shown that decision-makers undervalue future…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-31 Pedro A. Ortega , Naftali Tishby

Despite extensive progress in characterizing the emergent behavior of active matter, the microscopic origins of self-diffusion in interacting active systems remain poorly understood. Here, we develop a framework that quantitatively links…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-21 Akinlade Akintunde , Stewart A. Mallory

Using the previously developed concepts of semantic spacetime, I explore the interpretation of knowledge representations, and their structure, as a semantic system, within the framework of promise theory. By assigning interpretations to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Mark Burgess