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The prevalence of offensive content on the internet, encompassing hate speech and cyberbullying, is a pervasive issue worldwide. Consequently, it has garnered significant attention from the machine learning (ML) and natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Alphaeus Dmonte , Tejas Arya , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across a range of NLP tasks. However, their strong instruction-following capabilities and inability to distinguish instructions from data content make them vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yulin Chen , Haoran Li , Yuexin Li , Yue Liu , Yangqiu Song , Bryan Hooi

This paper presents a comprehensive and practical guide for practitioners and end-users working with Large Language Models (LLMs) in their downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks. We provide discussions and insights into the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Jingfeng Yang , Hongye Jin , Ruixiang Tang , Xiaotian Han , Qizhang Feng , Haoming Jiang , Bing Yin , Xia Hu

In this research, we aim to explore the potential of natural language models (NLMs) such as GPT-3 and GPT-2 to generate effective phishing emails. Phishing emails are fraudulent messages that aim to trick individuals into revealing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Rabimba Karanjai

Pretrained neural language models (LMs) are prone to generating racist, sexist, or otherwise toxic language which hinders their safe deployment. We investigate the extent to which pretrained LMs can be prompted to generate toxic language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Samuel Gehman , Suchin Gururangan , Maarten Sap , Yejin Choi , Noah A. Smith

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has become one of the leading application areas in the current Artificial Intelligence boom. Transfer learning has enabled large deep learning neural networks trained on the language modeling task to vastly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Csaba Veres

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into various pipelines is increasingly widespread, effectively automating many manual tasks and often surpassing human capabilities. Cybersecurity researchers and practitioners have recognised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino , Nikolaos Lykousas

Recent works have illustrated that modern NLP models trained for diverse tasks ranging from sentiment analysis to language generation succumb to universal adversarial attacks, a class of input-agnostic attacks where a common trigger…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Benedict Florance Arockiaraj , Alexander Feng , Jianxiong Cai , Xiaoyu Cheng

Existing work on controlled text generation (CTG) assumes a control interface of categorical attributes. In this work, we propose a natural language (NL) interface, where we craft a PCFG to embed the control attributes into natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Jingyu Zhang , James Glass , Tianxing He

The widespread integration of autoregressive-large language models (AR-LLMs), such as ChatGPT, across established applications, like search engines, has introduced critical vulnerabilities with uniquely scalable characteristics. In this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Andreas Tsamados , Luciano Floridi , Mariarosaria Taddeo

This paper presents the FormAI dataset, a large collection of 112, 000 AI-generated compilable and independent C programs with vulnerability classification. We introduce a dynamic zero-shot prompting technique constructed to spawn diverse…

In recent years, the rise of AI-assisted code-generation tools has significantly transformed software development. While code generators have mainly been used to support conventional software development, their use will be extended to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Simon Torka , Sahin Albayrak

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, wherein carefully crafted perturbations of the input can mislead the target model. In this paper, we introduce ACT, a novel adversarial attack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Sahar Sadrizadeh , Ljiljana Dolamic , Pascal Frossard

In an era where digital threats are increasingly sophisticated, the intersection of Artificial Intelligence and cybersecurity presents both promising defenses and potent dangers. This paper delves into the escalating threat posed by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yusuf Usman , Aadesh Upadhyay , Prashnna Gyawali , Robin Chataut

Large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm by making many previously difficult uses of AI feasible. LLMs are controlled via highly expressive textual prompts and return textual answers. Unfortunately, this unstructured text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mandana Vaziri , Louis Mandel , Claudio Spiess , Martin Hirzel

Analyzing network topologies and communication graphs plays a crucial role in contemporary network management. However, the absence of a cohesive approach leads to a challenging learning curve, heightened errors, and inefficiencies. In this…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Sathiya Kumaran Mani , Yajie Zhou , Kevin Hsieh , Santiago Segarra , Ranveer Chandra , Srikanth Kandula

As AI agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly versatile and capable of addressing a broad spectrum of tasks, ensuring their security has become a critical challenge. Among the most pressing threats are prompt…

We propose a method to automatically generate a domain- and task-adaptive maskings of the given text for self-supervised pre-training, such that we can effectively adapt the language model to a particular target task (e.g. question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Minki Kang , Moonsu Han , Sung Ju Hwang

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex, now enable software developers to generate code based on a natural language prompt. Within computer science education, researchers are exploring the potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Stephen MacNeil , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Joanne Kim , Arto Hellas , Seth Bernstein , Sami Sarsa

Large language models (LLMs) can reproduce a wide variety of rhetorical styles and generate text that expresses a broad spectrum of sentiments. This capacity, now available at low cost, makes them powerful tools for manipulation and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yaqub Chaudhary , Jonnie Penn