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Fake speech detection systems have become a necessity to combat against speech deepfakes. Current systems exhibit poor generalizability on out-of-domain speech samples due to lack to diverse training data. In this paper, we attempt to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Rishith Sadashiv T N , Abhishek Bedge , Saisha Suresh Bore , Jagabandhu Mishra , Mrinmoy Bhattacharjee , S R Mahadeva Prasanna

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has gained traction for its ability to learn rich representations with low labeling costs, applicable across diverse downstream tasks. However, assessing the downstream-task performance remains challenging due…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Takashi Maekaku , Keita Goto , Jinchuan Tian , Yusuke Shinohara , Shinji Watanabe

This paper investigates discrete and continuous speech representations in Large Language Model (LLM)-based Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), organizing them by feature continuity and training approach into four categories: supervised and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yaoxun Xu , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Jianwei Yu , Zhiyong Wu , Dong Yu

This paper proposes a novel technique to obtain better downstream ASR performance from a joint encoder-decoder self-supervised model when trained with speech pooled from two different channels (narrow and wide band). The joint…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Vrunda N. Sukhadia , A. Arunkumar , S. Umesh

Audio-visual speech recognition has received a lot of attention due to its robustness against acoustic noise. Recently, the performance of automatic, visual, and audio-visual speech recognition (ASR, VSR, and AV-ASR, respectively) has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Pingchuan Ma , Alexandros Haliassos , Adriana Fernandez-Lopez , Honglie Chen , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

A singing voice conversion model converts a song in the voice of an arbitrary source singer to the voice of a target singer. Recently, methods that leverage self-supervised audio representations such as HuBERT and Wav2Vec 2.0 have helped…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-23 Tejas Jayashankar , Jilong Wu , Leda Sari , David Kant , Vimal Manohar , Qing He

Transformer-based self-supervised models are trained as feature extractors and have empowered many downstream speech tasks to achieve state-of-the-art performance. However, both the training and inference process of these models may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jinchuan Tian , Rongzhi Gu , Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou

Representation learning from unlabeled data has been of major interest in artificial intelligence research. While self-supervised speech representation learning has been popular in the speech research community, very few works have…

This paper investigates the applications of various multilingual approaches developed in conventional hidden Markov model (HMM) systems to sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) automatic speech recognition (ASR). On a set composed of Babel data,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-09 Martin Karafiát , Murali Karthick Baskar , Shinji Watanabe , Takaaki Hori , Matthew Wiesner , Jan "Honza'' Černocký

Training Transformer-based models demands a large amount of data, while obtaining aligned and labelled data in multimodality is rather cost-demanding, especially for audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR). Thus it makes a lot of sense to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Xichen Pan , Peiyu Chen , Yichen Gong , Helong Zhou , Xinbing Wang , Zhouhan Lin

In recent years, neural models trained on large multilingual text and speech datasets have shown great potential for supporting low-resource languages. This study investigates the performances of two state-of-the-art Automatic Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Md Sazzadul Islam Ridoy , Sumi Akter , Md. Aminur Rahman

Self-supervised approaches for speech representation learning are challenged by three unique problems: (1) there are multiple sound units in each input utterance, (2) there is no lexicon of input sound units during the pre-training phase,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Wei-Ning Hsu , Benjamin Bolte , Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Kushal Lakhotia , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Abdelrahman Mohamed

In this work, we study the features extracted by English self-supervised learning (SSL) models in cross-lingual contexts and propose a new metric to predict the quality of feature representations. Using automatic speech recognition (ASR) as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Shuyue Stella Li , Beining Xu , Xiangyu Zhang , Hexin Liu , Wenhan Chao , Leibny Paola Garcia

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown significant progress in speech processing tasks. However, despite the intrinsic randomness in the Transformer structure, such as dropout variants and layer-drop, improving the model-level consistency…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Ji Won Yoon , Seok Min Kim , Nam Soo Kim

Recent advancements in Deep and Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have led to substantial improvements in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) performance, reaching unprecedented levels. However, obtaining sufficient amounts of accurately labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Bulat Khaertdinov , Pedro Jeuris , Annanda Sousa , Enrique Hortal

Individuals with hearing impairments face challenges in their ability to comprehend speech, particularly in noisy environments. The aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) in enhancing the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Richard Lee Lai , Jen-Cheng Hou , I-Chun Chern , Kuo-Hsuan Hung , Yi-Ting Chen , Mandar Gogate , Tughrul Arslan , Amir Hussain , Yu Tsao

Speech recognition on smart devices is challenging owing to the small memory footprint. Hence small size ASR models are desirable. With the use of popular transducer-based models, it has become possible to practically deploy streaming…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-11 Nauman Dawalatabad , Tushar Vatsal , Ashutosh Gupta , Sungsoo Kim , Shatrughan Singh , Dhananjaya Gowda , Chanwoo Kim

Prior works have investigated the use of articulatory features as complementary representations for automatic speech recognition (ASR), but their use was largely confined to shallow acoustic models. In this work, we revisit articulatory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Ahmed Adel Attia , Jing Liu , Carol Espy Wilson

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant advances in speech representation learning. Models like wav2vec 2.0 and HuBERT have achieved state-of-the-art results in tasks such as speech recognition, particularly in monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 María Andrea Cruz Blandón , Zakaria Aldeneh , Jie Chi , Maureen de Seyssel

Self-supervised learning of speech representations has achieved impressive results in improving automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we show that data selection is important for self-supervised learning. We propose a simple…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-06 Zhiyun Lu , Yongqiang Wang , Yu Zhang , Wei Han , Zhehuai Chen , Parisa Haghani