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Related papers: Research on WebAssembly Runtimes: A Survey

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Recently, the WebAssembly (or Wasm) technology has been rapidly evolving, with many runtimes actively under development, providing cross-platform secure sandboxes for Wasm modules to run as portable containers. Compared with Docker, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhaofeng Yu , Dongyang Zhan , Lin Ye , Haining Yu , Hongli Zhang , Zhihong Tian

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a portable bytecode format that serves as a compilation target for high-level languages, enabling their secure and efficient execution across diverse platforms, including web browsers and embedded systems. To improve…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Byeongjee Kang , Harsh Desai , Limin Jia , Brandon Lucia

WebAssembly is the fourth officially endorsed Web language. It is recognized because of its efficiency and design, focused on security. Yet, its swiftly expanding ecosystem lacks robust software diversification systems. We introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Javier Cabrera-Arteaga , Nicholas Fitzgerald , Martin Monperrus , Benoit Baudry

All major web browsers now support WebAssembly, a low-level bytecode intended to serve as a compilation target for code written in languages like C and C++. A key goal of WebAssembly is performance parity with native code; previous work…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Abhinav Jangda , Bobby Powers , Emery Berger , Arjun Guha

The increasing heterogeneity of hardware and software in the Internet of Things (IoT) poses a major challenge for the portability, maintainability and deployment of software on devices with limited resources. WebAssembly (WASM), originally…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mislav Has , Tao Xiong , Fehmi Ben Abdesslem , Mario Kušek

WebAssembly is a low-level bytecode language that allows high-level languages like C, C++, and Rust to be executed in the browser at near-native performance. In recent years, WebAssembly has gained widespread adoption is now natively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Håkon Harnes , Donn Morrison

WebAssembly (Wasm for short) brings a new, powerful capability to the web as well as Edge, IoT, and embedded systems. Wasm is a portable, compact binary code format with high performance and robust sandboxing properties. As Wasm…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Doehyun Baek , Jakob Getz , Yusung Sim , Daniel Lehmann , Ben L. Titzer , Sukyoung Ryu , Michael Pradel

WebAssembly has attracted great attention as a portable compilation target for programming languages. To facilitate in-depth studies about this technology, we have deployed Wasmizer, a tool that regularly mines GitHub projects and makes an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Alexander Nicholson , Quentin Stiévenart , Arash Mazidi , Mohammad Ghafari

WebAssembly (Wasm), as a compact, fast, and isolation-guaranteed binary format, can be compiled from more than 40 high-level programming languages. However, vulnerabilities in Wasm binaries could lead to sensitive data leakage and even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Ningyu He , Zhehao Zhao , Hanqin Guan , Jikai Wang , Shuo Peng , Ding Li , Haoyu Wang , Xiangqun Chen , Yao Guo

WebAssembly (Wasm) has emerged as a powerful technology for executing high-performance code and reusing legacy code in web browsers. With its increasing adoption, ensuring the reliability of WebAssembly code becomes paramount. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Sara Baradaran , Liyan Huang , Mukund Raghothaman , Weihang Wang

WebAssembly (Wasm) is rapidly gaining popularity as a distribution format for software components embedded in various security-critical domains. Unfortunately, despite its prudent design, WebAssembly's primary use case as a compilation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Markus Scherer , Jeppe Fredsgaard Blaabjerg , Alexander Sjösten , Matteo Maffei

WebAssembly (Wasm) is an emerging binary format that draws great attention from our community. However, Wasm binaries are weakly protected, as they can be read, edited, and manipulated by adversaries using either the officially provided…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shangtong Cao , Ningyu He , Yao Guo , Haoyu Wang

WebAssembly (abbreviated Wasm) has emerged as a cornerstone of web development, offering a compact binary format that allows high-performance applications to run at near-native speeds in web browsers. Despite its advantages, Wasm's binary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xinyu She , Yanjie Zhao , Haoyu Wang

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level portable code format offering near native performance. It is intended as a compilation target for a wide variety of source languages. However, Wasm provides no direct support for non-local control flow…

Containerization approaches based on namespaces offered by the Linux kernel have seen an increasing popularity in the HPC community both as a means to isolate applications and as a format to package and distribute them. However, their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Mohak Chadha , Nils Krueger , Jophin John , Anshul Jindal , Michael Gerndt , Shajulin Benedict

Debugging and monitoring programs are integral to engineering and deploying software. Dynamic analyses monitor applications through source code or IR injection, machine code or bytecode rewriting, and virtual machine or direct hardware…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Elizabeth Gilbert , Matthew Schneider , Zixi An , Suhas Thalanki , Wavid Bowman , Alexander Bai , Ben L. Titzer , Heather Miller

Web client fingerprinting has become a widely used technique for uniquely identifying users, browsers, operating systems, and devices with high accuracy. While it is beneficial for applications such as fraud detection and personalized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mordechai Guri , Dor Fibert

Wasm is gaining popularity outside the Web as a well-specified low-level binary format with ISA portability, low memory footprint and polyglot targetability, enabling efficient in-process sandboxing of untrusted code. Despite these…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Arjun Ramesh , Tianshu Huang , Ben L. Titzer , Anthony Rowe

WebAssembly seeks to provide an alternative to running large and untrusted binaries within web browsers by implementing a portable, performant, and secure bytecode format for native web computation. However, WebAssembly is largely unstudied…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Aron Szanto , Timothy Tamm , Artidoro Pagnoni

Most programs compiled to WebAssembly (Wasm) today are written in unsafe languages like C and C++. Unfortunately, memory-unsafe C code remains unsafe when compiled to Wasm -- and attackers can exploit buffer overflows and use-after-frees in…