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Since Pearson [Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A, 185 (1894), pp. 71-110] first applied the method of moments (MM) for modeling data as a mixture of one-dimensional Gaussians, moment-based estimation methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Liu Zhang , Oscar Mickelin , Sheng Xu , Amit Singer

Superpixel segmentation algorithms are to partition an image into perceptually coherence atomic regions by assigning every pixel a superpixel label. Those algorithms have been wildly used as a preprocessing step in computer vision works, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Zhihua Ban , Jianguo Liu , Li Cao

This paper studies how to learn parameters in diagonal Gaussian mixture models. The problem can be formulated as computing incomplete symmetric tensor decompositions. We use generating polynomials to compute incomplete symmetric tensor…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-10 Bingni Guo , Jiawang Nie , Zi Yang

The Gaussian mixture model is widely used in unsupervised learning, owing to its simplicity and interpretability. However, a fundamental limitation of the classical Gaussian mixture model is that it forces each observation to belong to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-27 Huan Qing

Mixture modelling involves explaining some observed evidence using a combination of probability distributions. The crux of the problem is the inference of an optimal number of mixture components and their corresponding parameters. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-02 Parthan Kasarapu , Lloyd Allison

We revisit the problem of learning mixtures of spherical Gaussians. Given samples from mixture $\frac{1}{k}\sum_{j=1}^{k}\mathcal{N}(\mu_j, I_d)$, the goal is to estimate the means $\mu_1, \mu_2, \ldots, \mu_k \in \mathbb{R}^d$ up to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mingda Qiao , Guru Guruganesh , Ankit Singh Rawat , Avinava Dubey , Manzil Zaheer

We derive uniform convergence rates for the maximum likelihood estimator and minimax lower bounds for parameter estimation in two-component location-scale Gaussian mixture models with unequal variances. We assume the mixing proportions of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Tudor Manole , Nhat Ho

The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) provides a simple yet principled framework for clustering, with properties suitable for statistical inference. In this paper, we propose a new model-based clustering algorithm, called EGMM (evidential GMM),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Lianmeng Jiao , Thierry Denoeux , Zhun-ga Liu , Quan Pan

Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) do not adapt well to curved and strongly nonlinear data. However, we can use Gaussians in the curvilinear coordinate systems to solve this problem. Moreover, such a solution allows for the adaptation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Krzysztof Byrski , Przemysław Spurek , Jacek Tabor

Estimation of the number of components (or order) of a finite mixture model is a long standing and challenging problem in statistics. We propose the Group-Sort-Fuse (GSF) procedure -- a new penalized likelihood approach for simultaneous…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-06 Tudor Manole , Abbas Khalili

Contextual optimization enhances decision quality by leveraging side information to improve predictions of uncertain parameters. However, existing approaches face significant challenges when dealing with multimodal or mixtures of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-19 YoungChul Yoon , Grani A. Hanasusanto , Yijie Wang

Mixtures of linear mixed models (MLMMs) are useful for clustering grouped data and can be estimated by likelihood maximization through the EM algorithm. The conventional approach to determining a suitable number of components is to compare…

Applications · Statistics 2014-05-26 Siew Li Tan , David J. Nott

In Bayesian inference for mixture models with an unknown number of components, a finite mixture model is usually employed that assumes prior distributions for mixing weights and the number of components. This model is called a mixture of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-25 Fumiya Iwashige , Shintaro Hashimoto

Even in low dimensions, sampling from multi-modal distributions is challenging. We provide the first sampling algorithm for a broad class of distributions -- including all Gaussian mixtures -- with a query complexity that is polynomial in…

Computation · Statistics 2025-10-24 Adrien Vacher , Omar Chehab , Anna Korba

We consider the Bayesian estimation of the parameters of a finite mixture model from independent order statistics arising from imperfect ranked set sampling designs. As a cost-effective method, ranked set sampling enables us to incorporate…

We consider the estimation of Dirichlet Process Mixture Models (DPMMs) in distributed environments, where data are distributed across multiple computing nodes. A key advantage of Bayesian nonparametric models such as DPMMs is that they…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-20 Ruohui Wang , Dahua Lin

Although extensive research exists in spatial modeling, few studies have addressed finite mixture model-based clustering methods for spatial data. Finite mixture models, especially Gaussian mixture models, particularly suffer from high…

We consider the problem of approximating a general Gaussian location mixture by finite mixtures. The minimum order of finite mixtures that achieve a prescribed accuracy (measured by various $f$-divergences) is determined within constant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Yun Ma , Yihong Wu , Pengkun Yang

This paper studies how to recover parameters in diagonal Gaussian mixture models using tensors. High-order moments of the Gaussian mixture model are estimated from samples. They form incomplete symmetric tensors generated by hidden…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-03 Bingni Guo , Jiawang Nie , Zi Yang

We consider the problem of estimating means of two Gaussians in a 2-Gaussian mixture, which is not balanced and is corrupted by noise of an arbitrary distribution. We present a robust algorithm to estimate the parameters, together with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Jing Xu , Jakub Marecek