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Related papers: Grammatical Error Correction for Code-Switched Sen…

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Building large-scale datasets for training code-switching language models is challenging and very expensive. To alleviate this problem using parallel corpus has been a major workaround. However, existing solutions use linguistic constraints…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Genta Indra Winata , Andrea Madotto , Chien-Sheng Wu , Pascale Fung

Progress in neural grammatical error correction (GEC) is hindered by the lack of annotated training data. Sufficient amounts of high-quality manually annotated data are not available, so recent research has relied on generating synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Andrey Bout , Alexander Podolskiy , Sergey Nikolenko , Irina Piontkovskaya

Code-switching speech refers to a means of expression by mixing two or more languages within a single utterance. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) with End-to-End (E2E) modeling for such speech can be a challenging task due to the lack of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Haibin Yu , Yuxuan Hu , Yao Qian , Ma Jin , Linquan Liu , Shujie Liu , Yu Shi , Yanmin Qian , Edward Lin , Michael Zeng

Amidst the rapid advances of large language models (LLMs), most LLMs still struggle with mixed-language inputs, limited Codeswitching (CSW) datasets, and evaluation biases, which hinder their deployment in multilingual societies. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Rajvee Sheth , Samridhi Raj Sinha , Mahavir Patil , Himanshu Beniwal , Mayank Singh

ChatGPT has demonstrated impressive performance in various downstream tasks. However, in the Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC) task, we observe a discrepancy: while ChatGPT performs well under human evaluation, it scores poorly according to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Kunting Li , Yong Hu , Shaolei Wang , Hanhan Ma , Liang He , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

Metrics are the foundation for automatic evaluation in grammatical error correction (GEC), with their evaluation of the metrics (meta-evaluation) relying on their correlation with human judgments. However, conventional meta-evaluations in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Masamune Kobayashi , Masato Mita , Mamoru Komachi

Achieving reliable communication has long been a fundamental challenge in networked systems. Semantic Error Correction (SEC) leverages the semantic understanding capabilities of language models (LMs) to perform application-layer error…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yirun Wang , Yuyang Du , Soung Chang Liew , Yuchen Pan , Feifan Zhang , Lihao Zhang

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is an important task in Natural Language Processing that aims to automatically detect and correct grammatical mistakes in text. While recent advances in transformer-based models and large annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Somsubhra De , Harsh Kumar , Arun Prakash A

Code-switching, or switching between languages, occurs for many reasons and has important linguistic, sociological, and cultural implications. Multilingual speakers code-switch for a variety of purposes, such as expressing emotions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Ritu Belani , Jeffrey Flanigan

Code-switching (CS) speech translation (ST) aims to translate speech that alternates between multiple languages into a target language text, posing significant challenges due to the complexity of semantic modeling and the scarcity of CS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yan Gao , Yazheng Yang , Zhibin Lan , Yidong Chen , Min Zhang , Daimeng Wei , Derek F. Wong , Jinsong Su

Code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR) faces challenges due to the language confusion resulting from accents, auditory similarity, and seamless language switches. Adaptation on the pre-trained multi-lingual model has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jiahui Zhao , Hao Shi , Chenrui Cui , Tianrui Wang , Hexin Liu , Zhaoheng Ni , Lingxuan Ye , Longbiao Wang

This paper introduces the first dataset for evaluating English-Chinese Bilingual Contextual Word Similarity, namely BCWS (https://github.com/MiuLab/BCWS). The dataset consists of 2,091 English-Chinese word pairs with the corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Ta-Chung Chi , Ching-Yen Shih , Yun-Nung Chen

The sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) approach has recently been widely used in grammatical error correction (GEC) and shows promising performance. However, the Seq2Seq GEC approach still suffers from two issues. First, a Seq2Seq GEC model can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Houquan Zhou , Yumeng Liu , Zhenghua Li , Min Zhang , Bo Zhang , Chen Li , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang

Ensemble approaches are commonly used techniques to improving a system by combining multiple model predictions. Additionally these schemes allow the uncertainty, as well as the source of the uncertainty, to be derived for the prediction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Yassir Fathullah , Mark Gales , Andrey Malinin

Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) is a representation learning method that maximizes the mutual information between intermediate latent representations and the output of a given model. It can be used to effectively initialize the encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Aparna Khare , Minhua Wu , Saurabhchand Bhati , Jasha Droppo , Roland Maas

Evaluating the performance of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) systems is a challenging task due to its subjectivity. Designing an evaluation metric that is as objective as possible is crucial to the development of GEC task. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jingheng Ye , Yinghui Li , Qingyu Zhou , Yangning Li , Shirong Ma , Hai-Tao Zheng , Ying Shen

Language identification for code-switching (CS), the phenomenon of alternating between two or more languages in conversations, has traditionally been approached under the assumption of a single language per token. However, if at least one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Manuel Mager , Özlem Çetinoğlu , Katharina Kann

Code-mixing, the practice of alternating between two or more languages in an utterance, is a common phenomenon in multilingual communities. Due to the colloquial nature of code-mixing, there is no singular correct way to translate an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ayushman Gupta , Akhil Bhogal , Kripabandhu Ghosh

Linguistic Code Switching (CS) is a phenomenon that occurs when multilingual speakers alternate between two or more languages/dialects within a single conversation. Processing CS data is especially challenging in intra-sentential data given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Fahad AlGhamdi , Mona Diab

Recently, sequence-to-sequence (seq-to-seq) models have been successfully applied in text-to-speech (TTS) to synthesize speech for single-language text. To synthesize speech for multiple languages usually requires multi-lingual speech from…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Haitong Zhang , Yue Lin