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Visual question answering (VQA) is the task of answering questions about an image. The task assumes an understanding of both the image and the question to provide a natural language answer. VQA has gained popularity in recent years due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Deepanway Ghosal , Navonil Majumder , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Rada Mihalcea , Soujanya Poria

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have introduced a new paradigm in AI by enabling models to ``think before responding" via chain-of-thought reasoning. However, the absence of open and reproducible recipes for building reasoning-centric medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Xiaoke Huang , Juncheng Wu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Yuyin Zhou

Accurate diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases relies heavily on the interpretation of multimodal ophthalmic images, a process often time-consuming and expertise-dependent. Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a potential interdisciplinary…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Xiaolan Chen , Ruoyu Chen , Pusheng Xu , Weiyi Zhang , Xianwen Shang , Mingguang He , Danli Shi

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) faces dual challenges in processing lengthy multimodal documents (text, images, tables) and performing cross-modal reasoning. Current document retrieval-augmented generation (DocRAG) methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Shijie Huang , Yasheng Wang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

MLLMs MLLMs are beginning to appear in clinical workflows, but their ability to perform complex medical reasoning remains unclear. We present Med-CMR, a fine-grained Medical Complex Multimodal Reasoning benchmark. Med-CMR distinguishes from…

Multimodal Large Language Models are increasingly applied to biomedical imaging, yet scientific reasoning for microscopy remains limited by the scarcity of large-scale, high-quality training data. We introduce MicroVQA++, a three-stage,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Manyu Li , Ruian He , Chenxi Ma , Weimin Tan , Bo Yan

AI systems' ability to explain their reasoning is critical to their utility and trustworthiness. Deep neural networks have enabled significant progress on many challenging problems such as visual question answering (VQA). However, most of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jialin Wu , Raymond J. Mooney

Vision evaluations are typically done through multi-step processes. In most contemporary fields, experts analyze images using structured, evidence-based adaptive questioning. In plant pathology, botanists inspect leaf images, identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Syed Nazmus Sakib , Nafiul Haque , Shahrear Bin Amin , Hasan Muhammad Abdullah , Md. Mehedi Hasan , Mohammad Zabed Hossain , Shifat E. Arman

Recent advances in reinforcement learning with verifiable, rule-based rewards have greatly enhanced the reasoning capabilities and out-of-distribution generalization of VLMs/LLMs, obviating the need for manually crafted reasoning chains.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Shaohao Rui , Kaitao Chen , Weijie Ma , Xiaosong Wang

Multimodal document question answering requires retrieving dispersed evidence from visually rich long documents and performing reliable reasoning over heterogeneous information. Existing multimodal RAG systems remain limited by two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jiashu Yang , Chi Zhang , Abudukelimu Wuerkaixi , Xuxin Cheng , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Xu Jia , Xunliang Cai

In recent years, artificial intelligence has played an important role in medicine and disease diagnosis, with many applications to be mentioned, one of which is Medical Visual Question Answering (MedVQA). By combining computer vision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Triet M. Thai , Anh T. Vo , Hao K. Tieu , Linh N. P. Bui , Thien T. B. Nguyen

Document Visual Question Answering (VQA) aims to understand visually-rich documents to answer questions in natural language, which is an emerging research topic for both Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Fengbin Zhu , Wenqiang Lei , Fuli Feng , Chao Wang , Haozhou Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Visual Question Answering is a multi-modal task that aims to measure high-level visual understanding. Contemporary VQA models are restrictive in the sense that answers are obtained via classification over a limited vocabulary (in the case…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Radhika Dua , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Visual question answering (VQA) in medical imaging aims to support clinical diagnosis by automatically interpreting complex imaging data in response to natural language queries. Existing studies typically rely on distinct visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yuanhe Tian , Chen Su , Junwen Duan , Yan Song

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires vision-language models to understand images and use external knowledge, especially for rare entities and long-tail facts. Most existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhuohong Chen , Zhenxian Wu , Yunyao Yu , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Zhifang Liu , Xiangwen Deng , Pen Jiao , Haoqian Wang

Healthcare question answering assistance aims to provide customer healthcare information, which widely appears in both Web and mobile Internet. The questions usually require the assistance to have proficient healthcare background knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ye Liu , Shaika Chowdhury , Chenwei Zhang , Cornelia Caragea , Philip S. Yu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenge task that combines natural language processing and computer vision techniques and gradually becomes a benchmark test task in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). The goal of our survey is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Jiayi Kuang , Jingyou Xie , Haohao Luo , Ronghao Li , Zhe Xu , Xianfeng Cheng , Yinghui Li , Xika Lin , Ying Shen

Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated promising performance on medical benchmarks and in preliminary trials as clinical assistants. Yet, our pilot audit of diagnostic cases uncovers a critical failure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hongjun Liu , Yinghao Zhu , Yuhui Wang , Yitao Long , Zeyu Lai , Lequan Yu , Chen Zhao

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable progress in various multimodal tasks, yet they often struggle with complex visual reasoning that requires multi-step inference. To address this limitation, we propose MF-SQ-LLaVA, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Liu Jing , Amirul Rahman

Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (KVQA) requires external knowledge beyond the visible content to answer questions about an image. This ability is challenging but indispensable to achieve general VQA. One limitation of existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Jing Yu , Zihao Zhu , Yujing Wang , Weifeng Zhang , Yue Hu , Jianlong Tan
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