Related papers: Normative Requirements Operationalization with Lar…
Normative reasoning is a type of reasoning that involves normative or deontic modality, such as obligation and permission. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks, their…
Normative requirements specify social, legal, ethical, empathetic, and cultural (SLEEC) norms that must be observed by a system. To support the identification of SLEEC requirements, numerous standards and regulations have been developed.…
Requirements engineering plays a critical role in developing software systems. One of the most difficult tasks in this process is identifying functional requirements. A critical problem in many projects is missing requirements until late in…
Social norms are powerful formalism in coordinating autonomous agents' behaviour to achieve certain objectives. In this paper, we propose a dynamic normative system to enable the reasoning of the changes of norms under different…
Modal logics are widely used in multi-agent systems to reason about actions, abilities, norms, or epistemic states. Combined with description logic languages, they are also a powerful tool to formalise modal aspects of ontology-based…
A rigorous formalization of desired system requirements is indispensable when performing any verification task. This often limits the application of verification techniques, as writing formal specifications is an error-prone and…
It is a long-standing desire of industry and research to automate the software development and testing process as much as possible. In this process, requirements engineering (RE) plays a fundamental role for all other steps that build on…
Early stages of system development involve outlining desired features such as functionality, availability, or usability. Specifications are derived from these features that concretize vague ideas presented in natural languages. The…
Generative agents, which implement behaviors using a large language model (LLM) to interpret and evaluate an environment, has demonstrated the capacity to solve complex tasks across many social and technological domains. However, when these…
Non-functional requirements (NFRs) are commonly distinguished from functional requirements by differentiating how the system shall do something in contrast to what the system shall do. This distinction is not only prevalent in research, but…
This paper presents an operational semantics for UML activity diagrams. The purpose of this semantics is three-fold: to give a robust basis for verifying model correctness; to help validate model transformations; and to provide a…
Rule-based reasoning over natural language input arises in domains where decisions must be auditable and justifiable: clinical protocols specify eligibility criteria in prose, evidence rules define admissibility through textual conditions,…
In the context of requirements engineering, relation extraction involves identifying and documenting the associations between different requirements artefacts. When dealing with textual requirements (i.e., requirements expressed using…
In the international standard for system and software engineering ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288: 2015, the output of the stakeholder needs and the business or mission analysis technical processes are transformed into a technical view of the system by…
Requirements are informal and semi-formal descriptions of the expected behavior of a complex system from the viewpoints of its stakeholders (customers, users, operators, designers, and engineers). However, for the purpose of design,…
Software agents, both human and computational, do not exist in isolation and often need to collaborate or coordinate with others to achieve their goals. In human society, social mechanisms such as norms ensure efficient functioning, and…
The conformity bias exhibited by large language models (LLMs) can pose a significant challenge to decision-making in LLM-based multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS). While many prior studies have treated "conformity" simply as a matter of opinion…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate user-tailored summaries, adapting outputs to specific stakeholders. In legal contexts, this raises important questions about motivated reasoning -- how models strategically…
Most of the knowledge Representation formalisms developed for representing prescriptive norms can be categorized as either suitable for representing either low level or high level norms.We argue that low level norm representations do not…
Synchronous languages rely on formal methods to ease the development of applications in an efficient and reusable way. Formal methods have been advocated as a means of increasing the reliability of systems, especially those which are safety…