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Using effective generalization capabilities of vision language models (VLMs) in context-specific dynamic tasks for embodied artificial intelligence remains a significant challenge. Although supervised fine-tuned models can better align with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kechen Jiao , Zhirui Fang , Jiahao Liu , Bei Li , Qifan Wang , Xinyu Liu , Junhao Ruan , Zhongjian Qiao , Yifan Zhu , Yaxin Xu , Jingang Wang , Xiu Li

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods have achieved state-of-the-art results on a range of multi-agent tasks. Yet, MARL algorithms typically require significantly more environment interactions than their single-agent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Tom Danino , Nahum Shimkin

Multi-turn human-AI collaboration is fundamental to deploying interactive services such as adaptive tutoring, conversational recommendation, and professional consultation. However, optimizing these interactions via reinforcement learning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Haoyu Wang , Yuxin Chen , Liang Luo , Buyun Zhang , Ellie Dingqiao Wen , Pan Li

Many hierarchical reinforcement learning algorithms utilise a series of independent skills as a basis to solve tasks at a higher level of reasoning. These algorithms don't consider the value of using skills that are cooperative instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Jordan Erskine , Chris Lehnert

Hybrid Group Relative Policy Optimization (Hybrid GRPO) is a reinforcement learning framework that extends Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) by incorporating empirical multi-sample action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Soham Sane

Model-based reinforcement learning approaches carry the promise of being data efficient. However, due to challenges in learning dynamics models that sufficiently match the real-world dynamics, they struggle to achieve the same asymptotic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Ignasi Clavera , Jonas Rothfuss , John Schulman , Yasuhiro Fujita , Tamim Asfour , Pieter Abbeel

This paper investigates the model-based methods in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). We specify the dynamics sample complexity and the opponent sample complexity in MARL, and conduct a theoretic analysis of return discrepancy upper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Weinan Zhang , Xihuai Wang , Jian Shen , Ming Zhou

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been widely adopted for large language model alignment due to its simple training procedure and lack of an explicit reward model. However, in iterative DPO, when the policy model from the previous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Lingling Fu , Yongfu Xu

Self-Driven Particles (SDP) describe a category of multi-agent systems common in everyday life, such as flocking birds and traffic flows. In a SDP system, each agent pursues its own goal and constantly changes its cooperative or competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Zhenghao Peng , Quanyi Li , Ka Ming Hui , Chunxiao Liu , Bolei Zhou

For many applications of reinforcement learning it can be more convenient to specify both a reward function and constraints, rather than trying to design behavior through the reward function. For example, systems that physically interact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Joshua Achiam , David Held , Aviv Tamar , Pieter Abbeel

We present a decentralized minimum-time trajectory optimization scheme based on learning model predictive control for multi-agent systems with nonlinear decoupled dynamics and coupled state constraints. By performing the same task…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-21 Edward L. Zhu , Yvonne R. Stürz , Ugo Rosolia , Francesco Borrelli

Existing offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods face a few major challenges, particularly the distributional shift between the learned policy and the behavior policy. Offline Meta-RL is emerging as a promising approach to address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Sen Lin , Jialin Wan , Tengyu Xu , Yingbin Liang , Junshan Zhang

A novel framework for solving the optimal execution and placement problems using reinforcement learning (RL) with imitation was proposed. The RL agents trained from the proposed framework consistently outperformed the industry benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Jin Fang , Jiacheng Weng , Yi Xiang , Xinwen Zhang

Multi-Robot System (MRS) has garnered widespread research interest and fostered tremendous interesting applications, especially in cooperative control fields. Yet little light has been shed on the compound ability of formation, monitoring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sizhao Li , Yuming Xiang , Rongpeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

In this paper, we devise three actor-critic algorithms with decentralized training for multi-agent reinforcement learning in cooperative, adversarial, and mixed settings with continuous action spaces. To this goal, we adapt the MADDPG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Diego Bolliger , Lorenz Zauter , Robert Ziegler

Reaching tasks with random targets and obstacles is a challenging task for robotic manipulators. In this study, we propose a novel model-free reinforcement learning approach based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) for training a deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Yongliang Wang , Hamidreza Kasaei

As single-center computing approaches power constraints, decentralized training becomes essential. However, traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods, crucial for enhancing large model post-training, cannot adapt to decentralized…

Event-triggered model predictive control (eMPC) is a popular optimal control method with an aim to alleviate the computation and/or communication burden of MPC. However, it generally requires priori knowledge of the closed-loop system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Fengying Dang , Dong Chen , Jun Chen , Zhaojian Li

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant interest in recent years, enabling sequential decision-making across multiple agents in various domains. However, most existing explanation methods focus on centralized MARL,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

Solving tasks in Reinforcement Learning is no easy feat. As the goal of the agent is to maximize the accumulated reward, it often learns to exploit loopholes and misspecifications in the reward signal resulting in unwanted behavior. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Chen Tessler , Daniel J. Mankowitz , Shie Mannor