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The development of a framework for quantifying "non-stabiliserness" of quantum operations is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation, and by the need to estimate classical simulation cost for noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-05 James R. Seddon , Earl T. Campbell

As a necessary resource for quantum computational advantage, quantum magic (nonstabilizerness) is of fundamental importance in the study of quantum computation and physics. We develop a systematic theory of \emph{long-range magic (LRM)} --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Fuchuan Wei , Zi-Wen Liu

We study different aspects of the stabilizer entropies (SEs) and compare them against known nonstabilizerness monotones such as the min-relative entropy and the robustness of magic. First, by means of explicit examples, we show that, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Tobias Haug , Lorenzo Piroli

We introduce a monotone to quantify the amount of non-stabilizerness (or magic for short), in an arbitrary quantum state. The monotone gives a necessary and sufficient criterion for detecting the presence of magic for both pure and mixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Krzysztof Warmuz , Ernest Dokudowiec , Chandrashekar Radhakrishnan , Tim Byrnes

Non-stabilizerness - also colloquially referred to as magic - is the a resource for advantage in quantum computing and lies in the access to non-Clifford operations. Developing a comprehensive understanding of how non-stabilizerness can be…

We pursue the identification of quantum resources carried by topological order, by evaluating quantum magic, quantified through the rank-$2$ Stabilizer R\'enyi entropy $\mathcal{M}_2$, in one-dimensional systems hosting symmetry-protected…

Quantum simulation is a cornerstone application of quantum computing, yet how fundamental quantum resources--entanglement and non-stabilizerness (``magic")--shape simulation fidelity remains an open question. In this work, we establish a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Xiangran Zhang , Jue Xu , Qi Zhao , You Zhou

This paper addresses the problem of stabilization for infinite-dimensional systems. In particular, we design nonlinear stabilizers for both linear and nonlinear abstract systems. We focus on two classes of systems: the first class comprises…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Kamal Fenza , Moussa Labbadi , Mohamed Ouzahra

We introduce a novel measure for the quantum property of nonstabilizerness - commonly known as "magic" - by considering the R\'enyi entropy of the probability distribution associated to a pure quantum state given by the square of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-15 Lorenzo Leone , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Alioscia Hamma

We establish lower-bounds on the number of resource states, also known as magic states, needed to perform various quantum computing tasks, treating stabilizer operations as free. Our bounds apply to adaptive computations using measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Michael Beverland , Earl Campbell , Mark Howard , Vadym Kliuchnikov

Magic, or nonstabilizerness, is a crucial quantum resource, yet its dynamics in open quantum systems remain largely unexplored. We investigate magic in the open XXZ spin chain under either boundary gain and loss, or bulk dephasing using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Doru Sticlet , Balázs Dóra , Dominik Szombathy , Gergely Zaránd , Cătălin Paşcu Moca

Non-stabilizerness or magic resource characterizes the amount of non-Clifford operations needed to prepare quantum states. It is a crucial resource for quantum computing and a necessary condition for quantum advantage. However, quantifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Tobias Haug , M. S. Kim

We develop two general approaches to characterising the manipulation of quantum states by means of probabilistic protocols constrained by the limitations of some quantum resource theory. First, we give a general necessary condition for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-23 Bartosz Regula

The nonstabilizerness of quantum states is a necessary resource for universal quantum computation, yet its characterization is notoriously demanding. Quantifying nonstabilizerness typically requires an exponential number of measurements and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 J. M. Varela , L. L. Keller , A. de Oliveira Junior , D. A. Moreira , R. Chaves , R. A. Macêdo

In arXiv:2110.02613, we presented a generalised dynamical resource theory framework that enabled noise reduction techniques including dynamical decoupling (DD) to be studied. While this fundamental contribution remains correct, it has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Graeme D. Berk , Simon Milz , Kavan Modi

The generalisation and robustness properties of policies learnt through Maximum-Entropy Reinforcement Learning are investigated on chaotic dynamical systems with Gaussian noise on the observable. First, the robustness under noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Rémy Hosseinkhan-Boucher , Onofrio Semeraro , Lionel Mathelin

Ground states of quantum many-body systems are both entangled and possess a kind of quantum complexity as their preparation requires universal resources that go beyond the Clifford group and stabilizer states. These resources - sometimes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Lorenzo Leone , Alioscia Hamma

Magic quantum states (non-stabilizer states) play a pivotal role in fault-tolerant quantum computation. Simultaneously, random resources have emerged as a key element in various randomized techniques within contemporary quantum science. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Christopher Vairogs , Bin Yan

Quantum fidelity estimation is essential for benchmarking quantum states and processes on noisy quantum devices. While stabilizer operations form the foundation of fault-tolerant quantum computing, non-stabilizer resources further enable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Zhiping Liu , Kun Wang , Xin Wang

We introduce two infinite sequences of entanglement monotones, which are constructed from expectation values of polynomials in the modular Hamiltonian. These monotones yield infinite sequences of inequalities that must be satisfied in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Raúl Arias , Jan de Boer , Giuseppe Di Giulio , Esko Keski-Vakkuri , Erik Tonni