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Fault Localization (FL), in which a developer seeks to identify which part of the code is malfunctioning and needs to be fixed, is a recurring challenge in debugging. To reduce developer burden, many automated FL techniques have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Sungmin Kang , Gabin An , Shin Yoo

Sequence-to-sequence models have been used to transform erroneous programs into correct ones when trained with a large enough dataset. Some recent studies also demonstrated strong empirical evidence that code review could improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Rishov Paul , Md. Mohib Hossain , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Masum Hasan , Anindya Iqbal , Joanna C. S. Santos

With the development of large language models (LLMs) in the field of programming, intelligent programming coaching systems have gained widespread attention. However, most research focuses on repairing the buggy code of programming learners…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenlong Dai , Zhuoluo Zhao , Hengning Wang , Xiu Tang , Sai Wu , Chang Yao , Zhipeng Gao , Jingyuan Chen

The advance in machine learning (ML)-driven natural language process (NLP) points a promising direction for automatic bug fixing for software programs, as fixing a buggy program can be transformed to a translation task. While software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Wenshuo Wang , Chen Wu , Liang Cheng , Yang Zhang

Software vulnerabilities continue to be ubiquitous, even in the era of AI-powered code assistants, advanced static analysis tools, and the adoption of extensive testing frameworks. It has become apparent that we must not simply prevent…

Automated program repair (APR) aims to fix software bugs automatically and plays a crucial role in software development and maintenance. With the recent advances in deep learning (DL), an increasing number of APR techniques have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Yuxiang Ma , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen

Software Fault Localization refers to the activity of finding code elements (e.g., statements) that are related to a software failure. The state-of-the-art fault localization techniques, however, produce coarse-grained results that can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Shangwen Wang , Kui Liu , Bo Lin , Li Li , Jacques Klein , Xiaoguang Mao , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

This paper presents a novel methodology for enhancing Automated Program Repair (APR) through synthetic data generation utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs). Current APR systems are constrained by the limited availability of high-quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled intelligent agents that autonomously interact with environments and invoke external tools. Recently, agent-based software repair has drawn wide attention, as repair agents can localize bugs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Quanjun Zhang , Chengyu Gao , Yu Han , Ye Shang , Chunrong Fang , Zhenyu Chen , Liang Xiao

Novice programmers often face challenges in fault localization due to their limited experience and understanding of programming syntax and logic. Traditional methods like Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) and Mutation-Based Fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Hexiang Xu , Hengyuan Liu , Yonghao Wu , Xiaolan Kang , Xiang Chen , Yong Liu

Large language models (LLM) have proven to be effective at automated program repair (APR). However, using LLMs can be costly, with companies invoicing users by the number of tokens. In this paper, we propose CigaR, the first LLM-based APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Dávid Hidvégi , Khashayar Etemadi , Sofia Bobadilla , Martin Monperrus

Large language models (LLMs) have become central to modern AI workflows, powering applications from open-ended text generation to complex agent-based reasoning. However, debugging these models remains a persistent challenge due to their…

This research addresses the complex challenge of automated repair of code vulnerabilities, vital for enhancing digital security in an increasingly technology-driven world. The study introduces a novel and efficient format for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-04 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Eva Garcia-Lopez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Jose-Javier Martinez-Herraiz

Recently, multiple Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proposed to enhance the repair performance. While these techniques mainly focus on the single-line or hunk-level repair, they face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jiahong Xiang , Xiaoyang Xu , Fanchu Kong , Mingyuan Wu , Zizheng Zhang , Haotian Zhang , Yuqun Zhang

Automated generation of feedback on programming assignments holds significant benefits for programming education, especially when it comes to advanced assignments. Automated Program Repair techniques, especially Large Language Model based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Qianhui Zhao , Fang Liu , Li Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhen Yan , Zhenghao Chen , Yufei Zhou , Jing Jiang , Ge Li

Repairing RTL bugs is crucial for hardware design and verification. Traditional automatic program repair (APR) methods define dedicated search spaces to locate and fix bugs with program synthesis. However, they heavily rely on fixed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zizhang Luo , Fan Cui , Kexing Zhou , Runlin Guo , Mile Xia , Hongyuan Hou , Yun Liang

In games, and more generally in the field of software development, early detection of bugs is vital to maintain a high quality of the final product. Automated tests are a powerful tool that can catch a problem earlier in development by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Leonardo Marini , Linus Gisslén , Alessandro Sestini

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping automated program repair. We present a unified taxonomy that groups 62 recent LLM-based repair systems into four paradigms defined by parameter adaptation and control authority over the repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Boyang Yang , Zijian Cai , Fengling Liu , Bach Le , Lingming Zhang , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , Yang Liu , Haoye Tian

Software bugs are prevalent in modern software systems and notoriously hard to debug manually. Therefore, a large body of research efforts have been dedicated to automated software debugging, including both automated fault localization and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Yiling Lou , Ali Ghanbari , Xia Li , Lingming Zhang , Dan Hao , Lu Zhang

Automated program repair (APR) is designed to automate the process of bug-fixing. In recent years, thanks to the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), automated repair has achieved remarkable progress. Advanced APR techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Aolin Chen , Haojun Wu , Qi Xin , Steven P. Reiss , Jifeng Xuan