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Feature attribution methods attempt to explain neural network predictions by identifying relevant features. However, establishing a cohesive framework for assessing feature attribution remains a challenge. There are several views through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yawei Li , Yang Zhang , Kenji Kawaguchi , Ashkan Khakzar , Bernd Bischl , Mina Rezaei

To explain predictions made by complex machine learning models, many feature attribution methods have been developed that assign importance scores to input features. Some recent work challenges the robustness of these methods by showing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Chris Lin , Ian Covert , Su-In Lee

Deep Learning has become overly complicated and has enjoyed stellar success in solving several classical problems like image classification, object detection, etc. Several methods for explaining these decisions have been proposed. Black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Siddhant Agarwal , Owais Iqbal , Sree Aditya Buridi , Madda Manjusha , Abir Das

In order for machine learning to be deployed and trusted in many applications, it is crucial to be able to reliably explain why the machine learning algorithm makes certain predictions. For example, if an algorithm classifies a given…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-07 Amirata Ghorbani , Abubakar Abid , James Zou

Deep neural networks are powerful machine learning approaches that have exhibited excellent results on many classification tasks. However, they are considered as black boxes and some of their properties remain to be formalized. In the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Nizar Ouarti , David Carmona

Approaches for appraising feature importance approximations, alternatively referred to as attribution methods, have been established across an extensive array of contexts. The development of resilient techniques for performance benchmarking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Junhwa Song , Keumgang Cha , Junghoon Seo

For many evaluation metrics commonly used as benchmarks for unconditional image generation, trivially memorizing the training set attains a better score than models which are considered state-of-the-art; we consider this problematic. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Ishaan Gulrajani , Colin Raffel , Luke Metz

Despite their impact on the society, deep neural networks are often regarded as black-box models due to their intricate structures and the absence of explanations for their decisions. This opacity poses a significant challenge to AI systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Biagio La Rosa

Deep neural network predictions are notoriously difficult to interpret. Feature attribution methods aim to explain these predictions by identifying the contribution of each input feature. Faithfulness, often evaluated using the area over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Joakim Edin , Andreas Geert Motzfeldt , Casper L. Christensen , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Lars Maaløe , Maria Maistro

Recent legislative regulations have underlined the need for accountable and transparent artificial intelligence systems and have contributed to a growing interest in the Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) field. Nonetheless, the lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ilaria Vascotto , Alex Rodriguez , Alessandro Bonaita , Luca Bortolussi

Attribution methods can provide powerful insights into the reasons for a classifier's decision. We argue that a key desideratum of an explanation method is its robustness to input hyperparameters which are often randomly set or empirically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Naman Bansal , Chirag Agarwal , Anh Nguyen

From self-driving vehicles and back-flipping robots to virtual assistants who book our next appointment at the hair salon or at that restaurant for dinner - machine learning systems are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. The main reason for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Milo Honegger

The increasing complexity of AI systems has made understanding their behavior critical. Numerous interpretability methods have been developed to attribute model behavior to three key aspects: input features, training data, and internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shichang Zhang , Tessa Han , Usha Bhalla , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Pretrained transformers achieve the state of the art across tasks in natural language processing, motivating researchers to investigate their inner mechanisms. One common direction is to understand what features are important for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Zhiying Jiang , Raphael Tang , Ji Xin , Jimmy Lin

Social Networking Sites (SNS) are one of the most important ways of communication. In particular, microblogging sites are being used as analysis avenues due to their peculiarities (promptness, short texts...). There are countless researches…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Manuel Francisco , Juan Luis Castro

As neural networks increasingly make critical decisions in high-stakes settings, monitoring and explaining their behavior in an understandable and trustworthy manner is a necessity. One commonly used type of explainer is post hoc feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Avi Schwarzschild , Max Cembalest , Karthik Rao , Keegan Hines , John Dickerson

In situations where explanations of black-box models may be useful, the fairness of the black-box is also often a relevant concern. However, the link between the fairness of the black-box model and the behavior of explanations for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Jessica Dai , Sohini Upadhyay , Stephen H. Bach , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively developed for graph representation learning in various application domains. However, similar to all other neural networks models, GNNs suffer from the black-box problem as people cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Peibo Li , Yixing Yang , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Interpretability methods for neural networks are difficult to evaluate because we do not understand the black-box models typically used to test them. This paper proposes a framework in which interpretability methods are evaluated using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Yiding Hao

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance on numerous applications. However, it is difficult to tell beforehand if a DNN receiving an input will deliver the correct output since their decision criteria are usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Julia Lust , Alexandru Paul Condurache