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The characteristic novelty of what is generally meant by a "physical unclonable function" (PUF) is precisely defined, in order to supply a firm basis for security evaluations and the proposal of new security mechanisms. A PUF is defined as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-05 Rainer Plaga , Frank Koob

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are circuits designed to extract physical randomness from the underlying circuit. This randomness depends on the manufacturing process. It differs for each device enabling chip-level authentication and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Yunxi Guo , Timothy Dee , Akhilesh Tyagi

Unique key generation is essential for encryption purposes between Internet of Things (IoT) devices. To produce a unique key for this encryption, Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) might be employed. Also, the Random Number Generator…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Md Ishtyaq Mahmud , Ahmed Abdelgawad , Venkata P. Yanambaka

Recently, major progress has been made towards the realisation of quantum internet to enable a broad range of classically intractable applications. These applications such as delegated quantum computation require running a secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Mina Doosti , Niraj Kumar , Mahshid Delavar , Elham Kashefi

The scope of this paper is to demonstrate a fully working and compact photonic Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) device capable of operating in real life scenarios as an authentication mechanism and random number generator. For this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-12 M. Akriotou , A. Fragkos , D. Syvridis

Nowadays, due to the growing phenomenon of forgery in many fields, the interest in developing new anti-counterfeiting device and cryptography keys, based on the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) paradigm, is widely increased. PUFs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Giuseppe Emanuele Lio , Mauro Daniel Luigi Bruno , Francesco Riboli , Sara Nocentini , Antonio Ferraro

A new definition of "Physical Unclonable Functions" (PUFs), the first one that fully captures its intuitive idea among experts, is presented. A PUF is an information-storage system with a security mechanism that is 1. meant to impede the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Rainer Plaga , Dominik Merli

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are small circuits that are widely used as hardware security primitives for authentication. These circuits can generate unique signatures because of the inherent randomness in manufacturing and process…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Lulu Ge , Keshab K. Parhi

Disordered photonic structures are promising materials for the realization of physical unclonable functions (PUF), physical objects that can overcome the limitations of conventional digital security methods and that enable cryptographic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Sara Nocentini , Ulrich Rührmair , Mauro Barni , Diederik S. Wiersma , Francesco Riboli

As the Covid-19 pandemic grips the world, healthcare systems are being reshaped, where the e-health concepts become more likely to be accepted. Wearable devices often carry sensitive information from users which are exposed to security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Kavya Dayananda , Nima Karimian

Counterfeit products pose significant risks to public health and safety through infiltrating untrusted supply chains. Among numerous anti-counterfeiting techniques, leveraging inherent, unclonable microscopic irregularities of paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Anirudh Nakra , Nayeeb Rashid , Chau-Wai Wong , Min Wu

During the last years, Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have become a very important research area in the field of hardware security due to their capability of generating volatile secret keys as well as providing a low-cost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-15 M. Garcia-Bosque , G. Díez-Señorans , C. Sánchez-Azqueta , S. Celma

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) enable physical tamper protection for high-assurance devices without needing a continuous power supply that is active over the entire lifetime of the device. Several methods for PUF-based tamper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Georg Maringer , Matthias Hiller

We present a practical and highly secure method for the authentication of chips based on a new concept for implementing strong Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Its qualitatively novel feature is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Alexander Spenke , Ralph Breithaupt , Rainer Plaga

We address security and privacy problems for digital devices and biometrics from an information-theoretic optimality perspective, where a secret key is generated for authentication, identification, message encryption/decryption, or secure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-11 Onur Günlü , Rafael F. Schaefer

We consider a secret key agreement problem in which noisy physical unclonable function (PUF) outputs facilitate reliable, secure, and private key agreement with the help of public, noiseless, and authenticated storage. PUF outputs are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-12 Onur Günlü , Rafael F. Schaefer , H. Vincent Poor

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are widely used to generate random Numbers. In this paper we propose a new architecture in which an Arbiter Based PUF has been employed as a nonlinear function in Nonlinear Feedback Shift Register (NFSR)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-12 Ali Sadr , Mostafa Zolfaghari-Nejad

Strong physical unclonable functions (PUFs) provide a low-cost authentication primitive for resource constrained devices. However, most strong PUF architectures can be modeled through learning algorithms with a limited number of CRPs. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-14 Kleber Stangherlin , Zhuanhao Wu , Hiren Patel , Manoj Sachdev

A Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) is a hardware security primitive used for authentication and key generation. It takes an input bit-vector challenge and produces a single-bit response, resulting in a challenge-response pair (CRP). The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Vincent Dumoulin , Wenjing Rao , Natasha Devroye

Entropy or randomness represents a foundational security property in security-related operations, such as key generation. Key generation in turn is central to security protocols such as authentication and encryption. Physical unclonable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jenilee Jao , Kristi Hoffman , Cheryl Reid , Ryan Thomson , Michael Thompson , Jim Plusquellic