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In most common settings of Markov Decision Process (MDP), an agent evaluate a policy based on expectation of (discounted) sum of rewards. However in many applications this criterion might not be suitable from two perspective: first, in risk…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-11 Yan Li , Zhaohan Sun

In this article we propose a qualitative (ordinal) counterpart for the Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes model (POMDP) in which the uncertainty, as well as the preferences of the agent, are modeled by possibility distributions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Regis Sabbadin

Although research has produced promising results demonstrating the utility of active inference (AIF) in Markov decision processes (MDPs), there is relatively less work that builds AIF models in the context of environments and problems that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Viet Dung Nguyen , Zhizhuo Yang , Christopher L. Buckley , Alexander Ororbia

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide an elegant mathematical framework for modeling complex decision and planning problems in stochastic domains in which states of the system are observable only indirectly, via a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 M. Hauskrecht

The recent framework of performative prediction is aimed at capturing settings where predictions influence the target/outcome they want to predict. In this paper, we introduce a natural multi-agent version of this framework, where multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Georgios Piliouras , Fang-Yi Yu

We study planning problems where autonomous agents operate inside environments that are subject to uncertainties and not fully observable. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a natural formal model to capture such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Steven Carr , Nils Jansen , Ralf Wimmer , Jie Fu , Ufuk Topcu

In reinforcement learning (RL), an agent learns to perform a task by interacting with an environment and receiving feedback (a numerical reward) for its actions. However, the assumption that rewards are always observable is often not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Simone Parisi , Montaser Mohammedalamen , Alireza Kazemipour , Matthew E. Taylor , Michael Bowling

For autonomous agents to successfully operate in real world, the ability to anticipate future motions of surrounding entities in the scene can greatly enhance their safety levels since potentially dangerous situations could be avoided in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Yeping Hu , Wei Zhan , Liting Sun , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Under what circumstances can a system be said to have beliefs and goals, and how do such agency-related features relate to its physical state? Recent work has proposed a notion of interpretation map, a function that maps the state of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Martin Biehl , Nathaniel Virgo

In many prediction problems, the predictive model affects the distribution of the prediction target. This phenomenon is known as performativity and is often caused by the behavior of individuals with vested interests in the outcome of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-03 Seamus Somerstep , Ya'acov Ritov , Yuekai Sun

Our aim is to design mechanisms that motivate all agents to reveal their predictions truthfully and promptly. For myopic agents, proper scoring rules induce truthfulness. However, as has been described in the literature, when agents take…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Amir Ban

This paper studies the performative policy learning problem, where agents adjust their features in response to a released policy to improve their potential outcomes, inducing an endogenous distribution shift. There has been growing interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qianyi Chen , Ying Chen , Bo Li

Many multi-agent systems (MASs) are situated in stochastic environments. Some such systems that are based on the partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) do not take the benevolence of other agents for granted. We propose a new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Gavin Rens , Abhaya Nayak , Thomas Meyer

Reinforcement learning usually assumes a given or sometimes even fixed environment in which an agent seeks an optimal policy to maximize its long-term discounted reward. In contrast, we consider agents that are not limited to passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ziqing Lu , Babak Hassibi , Lifeng Lai , Weiyu Xu

There are many situations in which it would be beneficial for a robot to have predictive abilities similar to those of rational humans. Some of these situations include collaborative robots, robots in adversarial situations, and for dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-12-02 Alan J. Hamlet , Carl D. Crane

There has been considerable work on reasoning about the strategic ability of agents under imperfect information. However, existing logics such as Probabilistic Strategy Logic are unable to express properties relating to information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Chunyan Mu , Nima Motamed , Natasha Alechina , Brian Logan

Multi-agent active perception is a task where a team of agents cooperatively gathers observations to compute a joint estimate of a hidden variable. The task is decentralized and the joint estimate can only be computed after the task ends by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-24 Mikko Lauri , Frans A. Oliehoek

Optimal decision-making presents a significant challenge for autonomous systems operating in uncertain, stochastic and time-varying environments. Environmental variability over time can significantly impact the system's optimal decision…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Gokul Puthumanaillam , Xiangyu Liu , Negar Mehr , Melkior Ornik

Autonomous systems often have logical constraints arising, for example, from safety, operational, or regulatory requirements. Such constraints can be expressed using temporal logic specifications. The system state is often partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Krishna C. Kalagarla , Dhruva Kartik , Dongming Shen , Rahul Jain , Ashutosh Nayyar , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Some of the most relevant future applications of multi-agent systems like autonomous driving or factories as a service display mixed-motive scenarios, where agents might have conflicting goals. In these settings agents are likely to learn…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Kyrill Schmid , Lenz Belzner , Robert Müller , Johannes Tochtermann , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien