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While Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced code generation efficiency, they face inherent challenges in balancing performance and inference costs across diverse programming tasks. Dynamically selecting the optimal LLM…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junhang Cheng , Fang Liu , Chengru Wu , Li Zhang

Recent efforts have evaluated large language models (LLMs) in areas such as commonsense reasoning, mathematical reasoning, and code generation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no work has specifically investigated the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Xuanfan Ni , Piji Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated notable proficiency in code generation, with numerous prior studies showing their promising capabilities in various development scenarios. However, these studies mainly provide evaluations in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Kailun Jin , Chung-Yu Wang , Hung Viet Pham , Hadi Hemmati

Recent advances in code generation have illuminated the potential of employing large language models (LLMs) for general-purpose programming languages such as Python and C++, opening new opportunities for automating software development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jiahao Gai , Hao Mark Chen , Zhican Wang , Hongyu Zhou , Wanru Zhao , Nicholas Lane , Hongxiang Fan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that have undergone extensive training using large datasets in order to understand and produce language that closely resembles that of humans. These models have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Alessio Buscemi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate synthetic textual data for training smaller specialized models. However, a comparison of various generation strategies for low-resource language settings is lacking. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tatiana Anikina , Jan Cegin , Jakub Simko , Simon Ostermann

Code reasoning tasks are becoming prevalent in large language model (LLM) assessments. Yet, there is a dearth of studies on the impact of real-world complexities on code reasoning, e.g., inter- or intra-procedural dependencies, API calls,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Changshu Liu , Alireza Ghazanfari , Yang Chen , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT have become popular among programming students. Students use LLMs to assist them in programming courses, including generating source code. Previous work has evaluated the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Emir Catir , Robin Claesson , Rodothea Myrsini Tsoupidi

This paper investigates the performance of the Large Language Models (LLMs) ChatGPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in solving introductory programming tasks. Based on the performance, implications for didactic scenarios and assessment formats utilizing LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Natalie Kiesler , Daniel Schiffner

Large-Language Models (LLMs) are changing the way learners acquire knowledge outside the classroom setting. Previous studies have shown that LLMs seem effective in generating to short and simple questions in introductory CS courses using…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yihan Zhang , Brigitte Pientka , Xujie Si

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in code generation for popular programming languages. However, their performance on Low-Resource Programming Languages (LRPLs) and Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sathvik Joel , Jie JW Wu , Fatemeh H. Fard

This study evaluates the efficiency of code generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) and measures their performance against human-crafted solutions using a dataset from Leetcode. We compare 18 LLMs, considering factors such as model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Tristan Coignion , Clément Quinton , Romain Rouvoy

$ $Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly utilized in various applications, with code generations being a notable example. While previous research has shown that LLMs have the capability to generate both secure and insecure…

Large Language Models (LLMs) solve many reasoning tasks via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but smaller models (about 7 to 8B parameters) still struggle with multi-step reasoning under tight compute and token budgets. Existing test time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Sagnik Chatterjee , Atharva Patil , Sricharan Ramesh

Scientific workflow systems are increasingly popular for expressing and executing complex data analysis pipelines over large datasets, as they offer reproducibility, dependability, and scalability of analyses by automatic parallelization on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Mario Sänger , Ninon De Mecquenem , Katarzyna Ewa Lewińska , Vasilis Bountris , Fabian Lehmann , Ulf Leser , Thomas Kosch

As large language models (LLMs) become more common in educational tools and programming environments, questions arise about how these systems should interact with users. This study investigates how different interaction styles with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kai Deng

Code generation aims to synthesize code and fulfill functional requirements based on natural language (NL) specifications, which can greatly improve development efficiency. In the era of large language models (LLMs), large code models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Chaozheng Wang , Zongjie Li , Cuiyun Gao , Wenxuan Wang , Ting Peng , Hailiang Huang , Yuetang Deng , Shuai Wang , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as coding assistants, capable of generating source code from natural language prompts. With the increasing adoption of LLMs in software development, academic research and industry based projects are…

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation in data science offers substantial potential for enhancing tasks such as data manipulation, statistical analysis, and visualization. However, the effectiveness of these models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Nathalia Nascimento , Everton Guimaraes , Sai Sanjna Chintakunta , Santhosh Anitha Boominathan

Context. The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to their widespread adoption in development pipelines. Goal. We empirically assess the energy efficiency of Python code generated by LLMs against human-written code and code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Radu Apsan , Vincenzo Stoico , Michel Albonico , Rudra Dhar , Karthik Vaidhyanathan , Ivano Malavolta