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We show a significant reduction of the number of quantum operations and the improvement of the circuit depth for the realization of the Toffoli gate by using qudits. This is done by establishing a general relation between the dimensionality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 E. O. Kiktenko , A. S. Nikolaeva , Peng Xu , G. V. Shlyapnikov , A. K. Fedorov

Different graphical calculi have been proposed to represent quantum computation. First the ZX- calculus [4], followed by the ZW-calculus [12] and then the ZH-calculus [1]. We can wonder if new Z*-calculi will continue to be proposed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Titouan Carette , Emmanuel Jeandel

Quantum computing is currently strongly limited by the impact of noise, in particular introduced by the application of two-qubit gates. For this reason, reducing the number of two-qubit gates is of paramount importance on noisy…

The real stabilizer fragment of quantum mechanics was shown to have a complete axiomatization in terms of the angle-free fragment of the ZX-calculus. This fragment of the ZX-calculus---although abstractly elegant---is stated in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Cole Comfort

We propose several methods for optimizing the number of qubits in a quantum circuit while preserving the number of non-Clifford gates. One of our approaches consists in reversing, as much as possible, the gadgetization of Hadamard gates,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Vivien Vandaele

The ZX-calculus is a graphical language for suitably represented tensor networks, called ZX-diagrams. Calculations are performed by transforming ZX-diagrams with rewrite rules. The ZX-calculus has found applications in reasoning about…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Alex Townsend-Teague , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis

The commonly used circuit model of quantum computing leaves out the problems of imprecision in the initial state preparation, particle statistics (indistinguishability of particles belonging to the same quantum state), and error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Subhash Kak

The relevance of shallow-depth quantum circuits has recently increased, mainly due to their applicability to near-term devices. In this context, one of the main goals of quantum circuit complexity is to find problems that can be solved by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Alex Bredariol Grilo , Elham Kashefi , Damian Markham , Michael de Oliveira

Quantum arithmetic computation requires a substantial number of scratch qubits to stay reversible. These operations necessitate qubit and gate resources equivalent to those needed for the larger of the input or output registers due to state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Omid Faizy , Norbert Wehn , Paul Lukowicz , Maximilian Kiefer-Emmanouilidis

To ensure a long-term quantum computational advantage, the quantum hardware should be upgraded to withstand the competition of continuously improved classical algorithms and hardwares. Here, we demonstrate a superconducting quantum…

Graphical languages offer intuitive and rigorous formalisms for quantum physics. They can be used to simplify expressions, derive equalities, and do computations. Yet in order to replace conventional formalisms, rigour alone is not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 Miriam Backens

We designed an search algorithm in order to find a non-transversal but fault-tolerant construction of a logical controlled-phase gate for general [[n,1,d]] degenerate quantum code. Then we give an example to illustrate our algorithm for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Chen Lin , Guowu Yang

It is well-known that deciding equivalence of logic circuits is a coNP-complete problem. As a corollary, the problem of deciding weak equivalence of reversible circuits, i.e. ignoring the ancilla bits, is also coNP-complete. The complexity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-17 Stephen P. Jordan

We propose a quantum programming language that generalizes the $\lambda$-calculus. The language is non-linear; duplicated variables denote, not cloning of quantum data, but sharing a qubit's state; that is, producing an entangled pair of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Nicklas Botö , Fabian Forslund

We continue to study the notion of cancellation-free linear circuits. We show that every matrix can be computed by a cancellation- free circuit, and almost all of these are at most a constant factor larger than the optimum linear circuit…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-07-24 Joan Boyar , Magnus Find

The NP-complete problem Feedback Vertex Set is that of deciding whether or not it is possible, for a given integer $k\geq 0$, to delete at most $k$ vertices from a given graph so that what remains is a forest. The variant in which the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Marthe Bonamy , Konrad K. Dabrowski , Carl Feghali , Matthew Johnson , Daniel Paulusma

Variational algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm have attracted attention due to their potential for solving problems using near-term quantum computers. The $ZZ$ interaction typically generates the primitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 T. Mueller , T. Stollenwerk , D. Headley , M. Epping , F. K. Wilhelm

The master equation describing the non-equilibrium dynamics of a quantum dot coupled to metallic leads is considered. Employing a superoperator approach, we derive an exact time-convolutionless master equation for the probabilities of dot…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Carsten Timm

Given two quantum states of N q-bits we are interested to find the shortest quantum circuit consisting of only one- and two- q-bit gates that would transfer one state into another. We call it the quantum maze problem for the reasons…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-15 Vitaly Vanchurin

Linear optical quantum computation (LOQC) offers a promising platform for scalable quantum information processing, but its scalability is fundamentally constrained by the probabilistic nature of non-local entangling gates. Qudit circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Apurav , Jaskaran Singh
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