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An extension of Maxwell's original prescription for an ideal gas is adopted to derive a broad class of Kappa-type velocity distributions, encompassing both fat and short-tailed forms. Within this general framework, a physically consistent…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 J. A. S. Lima , M. H. Benetti

We introduce the {\alpha}-{\kappa}-{\mu} shadowed ({\alpha}-KMS) fading distribution as a natural generalization of the versatile {\alpha}-{\kappa}-{\mu} and {\alpha}-{\eta}-{\mu} distributions. The {\alpha}-KMS fading distribution unifies…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Pablo Ramirez-Espinosa , Jules M. Moualeu , Daniel Benevides da Costa , F. Javier Lopez-Martinez

In this paper, we prove that the kappa distribution is the stationary solution of the Vlasov-Poisson system in an inhomogeneous plasma under the polytropic equation of state and an assumption restricting the local velocity distribution to a…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Ran Guo

The kappa-deformed statistics has been studied in many papers. It is naturally important question for us to ask what should the kappa parameter stand for and under what physical situation should the kappa-deformed statistics be suitable for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-08-10 Lina Guo , Jiulin Du

The special relativistic generalization of isotropic regularized kappa distributions is derived and compared to that of the original Olbertian (or standard) kappa distributions. It is demonstrated that for the latter the kappa parameter is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-19 Linh Han Than , Klaus Scherer , Horst Fichtner

Accurate radiative transfer coefficients (emissivities, absorptivities, and rotativities) are needed for modeling radiation from relativistically hot, magnetized plasmas such as those found in Event Horizon Telescope sources. Here we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-03 Andrew Marszewski , Ben S. Prather , Abhishek V. Joshi , Alex Pandya , Charles F. Gammie

Thermodynamic properties of the electron-positron plasma (or gas) at high and very high temperatures are investigated. To achieve this goal we have derived a number of analytical formulas for the Fermi-Dirac distribution functions (or…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-01-16 Alexei M. Frolov

Expanding laser plasmas, produced by high energy laser radiation, possess both high thermal and magnetic field energy density. Characterization of such plasma is challenging but needed for understanding of its physical behaviour. Among all…

Within the framework of probability models for overdispersed count data, we propose the generalized fractional Poisson distribution (gfPd), which is a natural generalization of the fractional Poisson distribution (fPd), and the standard…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Dexter Cahoy , Elvira Di Nardo , Federico Polito

A unified numerically solvable framework for dispersion relations with arbitrary number of species drifting at arbitrary directions and with Krook collision is derived for linear uniform/homogenous kinetic plasma, which largely extended the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-08-30 Huasheng Xie

We describe a new wave mode similar to the acoustic wave in which both density and velocity fluctuate. Unlike the acoustic wave in which the underlying distribution is Maxwellian, this new wave mode occurs when the underlying distribution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Michael R. Collier , Aaron Roberts , Adolfo Vinas

Shocks, turbulence and winds all influence the electron velocity distribution in hot plasmas, exciting lower-energy electrons and generating a high-energy (typically power-law) tail. This effect, typically described as a kappa distribution…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Xiaohong Cui , Adam R. Foster , Takayuki Yuasa , Randall K. Smith

High-energy, multi-component plasmas in which pair creation and annihilation, lepton-lepton scattering, lepton-proton scattering, and Comptonization all contribute to establishing the particle and photon distributions, are present in a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Sergei Nayakshin , Fulvio Melia

Starting from the $\kappa$-distribution function, obtained by applying the maximal entropy principle to the $\kappa$-entropy [G. Kaniadakis, Phys. Rev. E 66 (2002), 056125], we derive the expression of the canonical $\kappa$-partition…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. M. Scarfone , T. Wada

Context. Recent studies on Kappa distribution functions invoked in space plasma applications have emphasized two alternative approaches which may assume the temperature parameter either dependent or independent of the power-index $\kappa$.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 M. Lazar , V. Pierrard , S. M. Shaaban , H. Fichtner , S. Poedts

A stochastic model for intermittent fluctuations in the scrape-off layer of magnetically confined plasmas has been constructed based on a super-position of uncorrelated pulses arriving according to a Poisson process. In the most common…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-05-04 Audun Theodorsen , Odd Erik Garcia

Starting from the equations of collisionless linear gyrokinetics for magnetised plasmas with an imposed inhomogeneous magnetic field, we present the first known analytical, closed-form solution for the resulting velocity-space integrals in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-04-27 P. G. Ivanov , T. Adkins

The non-Maxwellian $\kappa$-distributions have been detected in the solar transition region and flares. These distributions are characterized by a high-energy tail and a near-Maxwellian core and are known to have significant impact on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Elena Dzifčáková , Jaroslav Dudík , Pavel Kotrč , František Fárník , Alena Zemanová

Kappa distributions and with loss cone features have been frequently observed with flares emissions with the signatures of Lower hybrid waves. We have analysed the plasma with Kappa distributions and with loss cone features for the drift…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Antony Soosaleon , Blesson Jose

The plasma turbulence as is well known plays crucial role in the processes of plasma dynamics and transport phenomena. It affects both macroscopic plasma behaviour and distribution of particles, and besides suprathermal component of…

adap-org · Physics 2008-02-03 A. Gurevich , A. Lukyanov , K. Zybin