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Anomaly detection (AD) is a crucial task in machine learning with various applications, such as detecting emerging diseases, identifying financial frauds, and detecting fake news. However, obtaining complete, accurate, and precise labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Minqi Jiang , Chaochuan Hou , Ao Zheng , Xiyang Hu , Songqiao Han , Hailiang Huang , Xiangnan He , Philip S. Yu , Yue Zhao

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) is a vital task in graph-based machine learning and has been widely applied in many real-world applications. The primary goal of GAD is to capture anomalous nodes from graph datasets, which evidently deviate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Jingcan Duan , Siwei Wang , Pei Zhang , En Zhu , Jingtao Hu , Hu Jin , Yue Liu , Zhibin Dong

With the recent advances in deep neural networks, anomaly detection in multimedia has received much attention in the computer vision community. While reconstruction-based methods have recently shown great promise for anomaly detection, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Chaoqin Huang , Fei Ye , Jinkun Cao , Maosen Li , Ya Zhang , Cewu Lu

The practical deployment of Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) systems is hindered by their sensitivity to real-world imaging variations, particularly the complex interplay between viewpoint and illumination which drastically alters defect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yunkang Cao , Yuqi Cheng , Xiaohao Xu , Yiheng Zhang , Yihan Sun , Yuxiang Tan , Yuxin Zhang , Xiaonan Huang , Weiming Shen

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to detect anomalies that deviate from what is expected. In open-world scenarios, the expected events may change as requirements change. For example, not wearing a mask may be considered abnormal during a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zihao Liu , Xiaoyu Wu , Jianqin Wu , Xuxu Wang , Linlin Yang

Anomaly detection, finding patterns that substantially deviate from those seen previously, is one of the fundamental problems of artificial intelligence. Recently, classification-based methods were shown to achieve superior results on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Liron Bergman , Yedid Hoshen

Industrial vision anomaly detection plays a critical role in the advanced intelligent manufacturing process, while some limitations still need to be addressed under such a context. First, existing reconstruction-based methods struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Haiming Yao , Wenyong Yu

Due to the scarcity and unpredictable nature of defect samples, industrial anomaly detection (IAD) predominantly employs unsupervised learning. However, all unsupervised IAD methods face a common challenge: the inherent bias in normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xin Chen , Liujuan Cao , Shengchuan Zhang , Xiewu Zheng , Yan Zhang

Developing an accurate and fast anomaly detection model is an important task in real-time computer vision applications. There has been much research to develop a single model that detects either structural or logical anomalies, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shota Sugawara , Ryuji Imamura

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection models achieve their purpose by suppressing the generalization ability for anomaly. However, diverse normal patterns are consequently not well reconstructed as well. Although some efforts have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Wenrui Liu , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Anomaly detection without priors of the anomalies is challenging. In the field of unsupervised anomaly detection, traditional auto-encoder (AE) tends to fail based on the assumption that by training only on normal images, the model will not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yajie Cui , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian

Image-based inspection systems have been widely deployed in manufacturing production lines. Due to the scarcity of defective samples, unsupervised anomaly detection that only leverages normal samples during training to detect various…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-22 Chengyu Tao , Hao Xu , Juan Du

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Diffusion models have shown superior performance on unsupervised anomaly detection tasks. Since trained with normal data only, diffusion models tend to reconstruct normal counterparts of test images with certain noises added. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Hang Yao , Ming Liu , Haolin Wang , Zhicun Yin , Zifei Yan , Xiaopeng Hong , Wangmeng Zuo

Humans recognize anomalies through two aspects: larger patch-wise representation discrepancies and weaker patch-to-normal-patch correlations. However, the previous AD methods didn't sufficiently combine the two complementary aspects to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Xincheng Yao , Ruoqi Li , Zefeng Qian , Yan Luo , Chongyang Zhang

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) serves as a pivotal technology in the intelligent surveillance systems, enabling the temporal or spatial identification of anomalous events within videos. While existing reviews predominantly concentrate on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yang Liu , Dingkang Yang , Yan Wang , Jing Liu , Jun Liu , Azzedine Boukerche , Peng Sun , Liang Song

Anomaly detection is a long-standing challenge in manufacturing systems. Traditionally, anomaly detection has relied on human inspectors. However, 3D point clouds have gained attention due to their robustness to environmental factors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jiayu Liu , Shancong Mou , Nathan Gaw , Yinan Wang

Tabular anomaly detection (TAD) aims to identify samples that deviate from the majority in tabular data and is critical in many real-world applications. However, existing methods follow a ``one model for one dataset (OFO)'' paradigm, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shiyuan Li , Yixin Liu , Yu Zheng , Xiaofeng Cao , Shirui Pan , Heng Tao Shen

While the mainstream research in anomaly detection has mainly followed the one-class classification, practical industrial environments often incur noisy training data due to annotation errors or lack of labels for new or refurbished…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jiin Im , Yongho Son , Je Hyeong Hong

Anomaly detection in videos is a significant yet challenging problem. Previous approaches based on deep neural networks employ either reconstruction-based or prediction-based approaches. Nevertheless, existing reconstruction-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Yizhou Wang , Can Qin , Yue Bai , Yi Xu , Xu Ma , Yun Fu